The association between chronic medical health conditions and Delta-8 THC use among U.S. Adults

Background: Delta-8 tetrahydrocannabinol (Delta-8 THC), a naturally occurring isomer of Delta-9 THC, has seen increased use in the United States following the passage of the 2018 Farm Bill. Despite its growing popularity, limited data exist regarding its prevalence and potential associations with chronic health conditions. Objectives: This study aimed to examine the association between Delta-8 THC use and chronic medical conditions among U.S. adults. Methods: A cross-sectional, internet-based survey was conducted using the Qualtrics® research panel, collecting self-reported data from 1,080 U.S. adults aged 18–59. Participants reported their past 12-month use of Delta-8 THC and any diagnosed chronic medical conditions. Logistic regression analyses were performed to assess sociodemographic and clinical correlates of Delta-8 THC use. Results: Participants with at least one chronic medical condition had significantly higher odds of reporting Delta-8 THC use in the past year (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.87; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.04, 3.28; p ≤ 0.053). Specific conditions associated with increased Delta-8 THC use included diabetes (aOR = 1.95; 95% CI: 1.09, 3.48; p < 0.052), heart disease (aOR = 3.74; 95% CI: 1.81, 7.72; p < 0.01), and cancer (aOR = 3.51; 95% CI: 1.75, 7.04; p < 0.01). Conclusions: Delta-8 THC use appears to be more prevalent among adults with chronic medical conditions. These findings underscore the need for further research using larger, nationally representative, and longitudinal samples to evaluate the health implications of Delta-8 THC use and guide public health policy.