Testicular Tumors

This article will discuss various types of testicular and paratesticular tumors. We will begin with testicular germ cell tumors and a brief history of breakthrough in treatment of this disease, followed by utiLization of several serum markers as a tool in the initial workup and diagnosis of testicular cancer and subsequent posttherapy follow-up of the disease. Then, we will go over the pathogenesis of the testicular germ cell neoplasm. We will discuss intratubular germ cell neoplasia, seminoma (classic and spermatocytic), embryonal carcinoma, yolk sac tumors, teratoma, and trophoblastic tumors (choriocarcinoma) as well as demographic distribution (age), gross and microscopic appearance of each tumor, immunohistochemical stain profile, and prognosis. We will cover sex cord-stromal tumors, such as Leydig cell tumors, SertoLi cell tumors, granulosa cell tumors (adult and juvenile types), and other tumors of the testes, such as lymphoma, in a similar fashion. Finally, we will discuss paratesticular tumors arising from the epididymis, rete testis, and spermatic cord.