Superior Gluteal Nerve

The superior gluteal nerve (SGN) is a motor nerve originating from the sacral plexus that arises from the posterior divisions of the lumbosacral plexus (ventral rami of L4, L5, and S1). The SGN may be compressed with prolonged internal rotation of the hip, from trauma, or by anterior-superior tendinous fibers on the piriformis muscle. SGN entrapment causes symptoms of gluteal pain, tenderness, and weakness with hip abduction. If conservative management fails, and symptoms respond to therapeutic blocks of the SGN, peripheral nerve stimulation (PNS) may be considered. This chapter will review the technique, indications, and complications of PNS of the SGN.