Scoping review of outpatient dementia care programs in the U.S. from 2011-2023

Objective: Mainstream primary care settings are suboptimal for providing high quality, accessible outpatient care for persons living with dementia (PLWD). To enhance dementia care quality and access, interprofessional dementia care programs have been implemented. We sought to review the characteristics of these programs. Methods: Guideline-directed (Arksey & O'Malley, 2005) scoping review of the U.S. dementia care programs (2011–2023). Results: Twenty-three dementia care programs, described in 72 articles, were identified. All programs were focused on improving dementia care. The programs featured interprofessional approach, PLWD and caregiver involvement, and care access and continuity. Programs varied in scope, specifics of the populations served, duration and types of services, affiliation, linkage with primary care, staff’ credentials, delivery mode, assessments, outcomes, and challenges. Financial and implementation barriers were commonly reported. Conclusion: Dementia care programs remain few and highly variable. Addressing financial and implementation barriers is essential for the viability and wider adoption of these programs.