@article{3235b5d4962c4292b661df507f9870bb,
title = "Prodromal symptoms and signs of bipolar relapse: A report based on prospectively collected data",
abstract = "Prospectively collected data on 19 recently hospitalized patients with bipolar disorder were examined for prodromal changes preceding relapse. The 4-month periods before six manic and six depressive relapses were compared with each other and with a comparable period for seven patients who did not relapse. The Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale was used to assess symptoms. Significant elevations in unusual thought content were found 1 month before manic relapse. Depressive relapsers evidenced higher levels of conceptual disorganization throughout the prerelapse period. Nonrelapsers showed very stable symptom profiles.",
keywords = "Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale, Manic-depression, prodrome, recurrence",
author = "Altman, {Emily S.} and Rea, {Margaret M.} and Jim Mintz and Miklowitz, {David J.} and Goldstein, {Michael J.} and Sun Hwang",
note = "Funding Information: second authors funded by an NIMH NRSA Training Grant MH-14584, NIMH research grants MH-08744, MH-33758, and MH-30833, a grant from the John T. and Catherine MacArthur Foundation on Risk and Protective Factors in the Major Mental Disorders, and a grant from the National Alliance for Research in Schizophrenia and Depression. The authors thank Wilfred J. Dixon, Ph.D., Robert Gerner, M.D., Michael Gitlin, M.D., David Lukoff, Ph.D., Sandra Malik, Steven Marder, M.D., Keith Nuechterlein, Ph.D., and Joseph Ventura, M.A., for their invaluable assistancew ith this research.",
year = "1992",
month = jan,
doi = "10.1016/0165-1781(92)90012-R",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "41",
pages = "1--8",
journal = "Psychiatry Research",
issn = "0165-1781",
publisher = "Elsevier Ireland Ltd",
number = "1",
}