Intramuscular cobinamide as an antidote to methyl mercaptan poisoning

Tara B. Hendry-Hofer, Patrick C. Ng, Alison M. McGrath, Kirsten Soules, David S. Mukai, Adriano Chan, Joseph K. Maddry, Carl W. White, Jangwoen Lee, Sari B. Mahon, Matthew Brenner, Gerry R. Boss, Vikhyat S. Bebarta

Producción científica: Articlerevisión exhaustiva

11 Citas (Scopus)

Resumen

Background: Methyl mercaptan occurs naturally in the environment and is found in a variety of occupational settings, including the oil, paper, plastics, and pesticides industries. It is a toxic gas and deaths from methyl mercaptan exposure have occurred. The Department of Homeland Security considers it a high threat chemical agent that could be used by terrorists. Unfortunately, no specific treatment exists for methyl mercaptan poisoning. Methods: We conducted a randomized trial in 12 swine comparing no treatment to intramuscular injection of the vitamin B12 analog cobinamide (2.0 mL, 12.5 mg/kg) following acute inhalation of methyl mercaptan gas. Physiological and laboratory parameters were similar in the control and cobinamide-treated groups at baseline and at the time of treatment. Results: All six cobinamide-treated animals survived, whereas only one of six control animals lived (17% survival) (p = 0.0043). The cobinamide-treated animals returned to a normal breathing pattern by 3.8 ± 1.1 min after treatment (mean ± SD), while all but one animal in the control group had intermittent gasping, never regaining a normal breathing pattern. Blood pressure and arterial oxygen saturation returned to baseline values within 15 minutes of cobinamide-treatment. Plasma lactate concentration increased progressively until death (10.93 ± 6.02 mmol [mean ± SD]) in control animals, and decreased toward baseline (3.79 ± 2.93 mmol [mean ± SD]) by the end of the experiment in cobinamide-treated animals. Conclusion: We conclude that intramuscular administration of cobinamide improves survival and clinical outcomes in a large animal model of acute, high dose methyl mercaptan poisoning.

Idioma originalEnglish (US)
Páginas (desde-hasta)25-32
Número de páginas8
PublicaciónInhalation Toxicology
Volumen33
N.º1
DOI
EstadoPublished - 2021
Publicado de forma externa

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Toxicology
  • Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis

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