@article{cb96cef7fc8c471986a57b09096a85a7,
title = "International Consensus Statement on Allergy and Rhinology: Allergic Rhinitis",
abstract = "Background: Critical examination of the quality and validity of available allergic rhinitis (AR) literature is necessary to improve understanding and to appropriately translate this knowledge to clinical care of the AR patient. To evaluate the existing AR literature, international multidisciplinary experts with an interest in AR have produced the International Consensus statement on Allergy and Rhinology: Allergic Rhinitis (ICAR:AR). Methods: Using previously described methodology, specific topics were developed relating to AR. Each topic was assigned a literature review, evidence-based review (EBR), or evidence-based review with recommendations (EBRR) format as dictated by available evidence and purpose within the ICAR:AR document. Following iterative reviews of each topic, the ICAR:AR document was synthesized and reviewed by all authors for consensus. Results: The ICAR:AR document addresses over 100 individual topics related to AR, including diagnosis, pathophysiology, epidemiology, disease burden, risk factors for the development of AR, allergy testing modalities, treatment, and other conditions/comorbidities associated with AR. Conclusion: This critical review of the AR literature has identified several strengths; providers can be confident that treatment decisions are supported by rigorous studies. However, there are also substantial gaps in the AR literature. These knowledge gaps should be viewed as opportunities for improvement, as often the things that we teach and the medicine that we practice are not based on the best quality evidence. This document aims to highlight the strengths and weaknesses of the AR literature to identify areas for future AR research and improved understanding.",
keywords = "IgE, allergen extract, allergen immunotherapy, allergic rhinitis, allergy, antihistamine, asthma, atopic dermatitis, avoidance, biologic, cockroach, conjunctivitis, consensus, corticosteroid, cough, cromolyn, decongestant, environment, eosinophilic esophagitis, epicutaneous immunotherapy, epidemiology, evidence-based medicine, food allergy, genetics, house dust mite, immunoglobulin E, immunotherapy, inhalant allergy, leukotriene, microbiome, occupational rhinitis, omalizumab, pathophysiology, perennial, pet dander, pollen, probiotic, quality of life, rhinitis, rhinitis, rhinosinusitis, risk factor, saline, seasonal, sensitization, sinusitis, sleep, socioeconomic, specific IgE, subcutaneous immunotherapy, sublingual immunotherapy, systematic review, total IgE, transcutaneous immunotherapy, validated survey",
author = "Wise, {Sarah K.} and Lin, {Sandra Y.} and Elina Toskala and Orlandi, {Richard R.} and Akdis, {Cezmi A.} and Alt, {Jeremiah A.} and Antoine Azar and Baroody, {Fuad M.} and Claus Bachert and Canonica, {G. Walter} and Thomas Chacko and Cemal Cingi and Giorgio Ciprandi and Jacquelynne Corey and Cox, {Linda S.} and Creticos, {Peter Socrates} and Adnan Custovic and Cecelia Damask and Adam DeConde and DelGaudio, {John M.} and Ebert, {Charles S.} and Eloy, {Jean Anderson} and Flanagan, {Carrie E.} and Fokkens, {Wytske J.} and Christine Franzese and Jan Gosepath and Ashleigh Halderman and Hamilton, {Robert G.} and Hoffman, {Hans J{\"u}rgen} and Hohlfeld, {Jens M.} and Houser, {Steven M.} and Hwang, {Peter H.} and Cristoforo Incorvaia and Deborah Jarvis and Khalid, {Ayesha N.} and Maritta Kilpel{\"a}inen and Kingdom, {Todd T.} and Helene Krouse and Desiree Larenas-Linnemann and Laury, {Adrienne M.} and Lee, {Stella E.} and Levy, {Joshua M.} and Luong, {Amber U.} and Marple, {Bradley F.} and McCoul, {Edward D.} and McMains, {K. Christopher} and Erik Mel{\'e}n and Mims, {James W.} and Gianna Moscato and Joaquim Mullol and Nelson, {Harold S.} and Monica Patadia and Ruby Pawankar and Oliver Pfaar and Platt, {Michael P.} and William Reisacher and Carmen Rond{\'o}n and Luke Rudmik and Matthew Ryan and Joaquin Sastre and Schlosser, {Rodney J.} and Settipane, {Russell A.} and Sharma, {Hemant P.} and Aziz Sheikh and Smith, {Timothy L.} and Pongsakorn Tantilipikorn and Tversky, {Jody R.} and Veling, {Maria C.} and Wang, {De Yun} and Marit Westman and Magnus Wickman and Mark Zacharek",
note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2018 ARS-AAOA, LLC",
year = "2018",
month = feb,
doi = "10.1002/alr.22073",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "8",
pages = "108--352",
journal = "International Forum of Allergy and Rhinology",
issn = "2042-6976",
publisher = "Wiley-Blackwell",
number = "2",
}