Hyperhomocysteinemia and hyperglycemia induce and potentiate endothelial dysfunction via μ-calpain activation

Zhongjian Cheng, Xiaohua Jiang, Meghana Pansuria, Pu Fang, Jietang Mai, Karthik Mallilankaraman, Rajesh Kumar Gandhirajan, Satoru Eguchi, Rosario Scalia, Muniswamy Madesh, Xiaofeng Yang, Hong Wang

Producción científica: Articlerevisión exhaustiva

70 Citas (Scopus)

Resumen

Plasma homocysteine (Hcy) levels are positively correlated with cardiovascular mortality in diabetes. However, the joint effect of hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) and hyperglycemia (HG) on endothelial dysfunction (ED) and the underlying mechanisms have not been studied. Mild (22 μmol/L) and moderate (88 μmol/L) HHcy were induced in cystathionine β-synthase wild-type (Cbs+/+) and heterozygous-deficient (Cbs-/+) mice by a highmethionine (HM) diet. HG was induced by consecutive injection of streptozotocin. We found that HG worsened HHcy and elevated Hcy levels to 53 and 173 μmol/L in Cbs+/+ and Cbs-/+ mice fed an HM diet, respectively. Both mild and moderate HHcy aggravated HG-impaired endothelium-dependent vascular relaxation to acetylcholine, which was completely abolished by endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) inhibitor NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester. HHcy potentiated HG-induced calpain activation in aortic endothelial cells isolated from Cbs mice. Calpain inhibitors rescued HHcy- and HHcy/HG-induced ED in vivo and ex vivo. Moderate HHcy- and HG-induced μ-calpain activation was potentiated by a combination of HHcy and HG in the mouse aorta. μ-Calpain small interfering RNA (μ-calpsiRNA) prevented HHcy/HG-induced ED in the mouse aorta and calpain activation in human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs) treated with DL-Hcy (500 μmol/L) and D-glucose (25 μmol) for 48 h. In addition, HHcy accelerated HG-induced superoxide production as determined by dihydroethidium and 3-nitrotyrosin staining and urinary 8-isoprostane/creatinine assay. Antioxidants rescued HHcy/HG-induced ED in mouse aortas and calpain activation in cultured HAECs. Finally, HHcy potentiated HG-suppressed nitric oxide production and eNOS activity in HAECs, which were prevented by calpain inhibitors or μ-calpsiRNA. HHcy aggravated HG-increased phosphorylation of eNOS at threonine 497/495 (eNOS-pThr497/495) in the mouse aorta and HAECs. HHcy/HG-induced eNOS-pThr497/495 was reversed by μ-calpsiRNA and adenoviral transduced dominant negative protein kinase C (PKC)β2 in HAECs. HHcy and HG induced ED, which was potentiated by the combination of HHcy and HG via μ-calpain/PKCβ2 activation-induced eNOS-pThr497/495 and eNOS inactivation.

Idioma originalEnglish (US)
Páginas (desde-hasta)947-959
Número de páginas13
PublicaciónDiabetes
Volumen64
N.º3
DOI
EstadoPublished - mar 2015
Publicado de forma externa

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Internal Medicine
  • Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism

Huella

Profundice en los temas de investigación de 'Hyperhomocysteinemia and hyperglycemia induce and potentiate endothelial dysfunction via μ-calpain activation'. En conjunto forman una huella única.

Citar esto