Hepatotoxicity of 6-mercaptopurine (6-MP) and azathioprine (AZA) in adult IBD patients

Omid A. Shaye, Michael Yadegari, Maria T. Abreu, Fred Poordad, Karen Simon, Paul Martin, Konstantinos A. Papadakis, Andrew Ippoliti, Eric Vasiliauskas, Tram T. Tran

Producción científica: Articlerevisión exhaustiva

96 Citas (Scopus)

Resumen

OBJECTIVE: 6-Mercaptopurine (6-MP) and azathioprine (AZA) are effective in the treatment of IBD; however, drug-induced hepatotoxicity has been reported in 10-15% of pediatric patients and has been associated with the 6-MP metabolite 6-methylmercaptopurine ribonucleotide (6-MMPR) at levels >5,700 pmol/8 × 108 RBC. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of 6-MP/AZA hepatotoxicity and its correlation with serum 6-MMPR levels in adult IBD patients. METHODS: Aminotransferases, bilirubin, and 6-MP metabolite levels were measured in 173 adult IBD patients treated with 6-MP or AZA from November 2002 to December 2003. Hepatotoxicity was defined as AST and/or ALT >2x upper limit of normal or cholestasis. RESULTS: Eight patients (4.6%) met criteria for a diagnosis of 6-MP/AZA-induced hepatotoxicity. The mean 6-MMPR level in these 8 patients was 10,537 pmol/8 × 108 RBC versus 3,452 pmol/8 × 108 RBC in the nonhepatotoxic group (P < 0.001). Risk of hepatotoxicity above the third quartile (6-MMPR > 5,300) was 5 times that below the third quartile (11.4% vs 2.3%, P < 0.05); however, nearly 90% of all patients with 6-MMPR > 5,300 pmol/8 × 108 RBC had no hepatotoxicity, while almost 40% of subjects with hepatotoxicity had 6-MMPR levels below this cutoff. CONCLUSIONS: 6-MP/AZA-induced hepatotoxicity is uncommon in the adult population. Although hepatotoxicity is associated with higher mean 6-MMPR levels, the sensitivity and specificity of 6-MMPR for drug-induced hepatotoxicity was poor. Monitoring liver tests in patients on 6-MP/AZA is suggested, and dose reduction or cessation of 6-MP/AZA, even with high 6-MMPR levels, should be reserved for patients with elevated aminotransferases.

Idioma originalEnglish (US)
Páginas (desde-hasta)2488-2494
Número de páginas7
PublicaciónAmerican Journal of Gastroenterology
Volumen102
N.º11
DOI
EstadoPublished - nov 2007
Publicado de forma externa

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Gastroenterology
  • Hepatology

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