Generative artificial intelligence in posttraumatic stress disorder treatment: Exploring five different use cases

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a prevalent and debilitating condition, yet many individuals face substantial barriers to accessing evidence-based interventions. Advances in generative artificial intelligence (AI), particularly large language models (LLMs), have generated optimism about improving access and care. We present five emerging use cases for clinical AI tools in the context of PTSD treatment, some of which were presented as part of a symposium at the 40th Annual Meeting of the International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies. The first two use cases involve AI-assisted training tools. The third use case focuses on an AI-assisted automated fidelity rating system aimed at improving adherence to evidence-based PTSD protocols. The last two use cases feature AI-assisted therapy tools. Although AI-based innovations hold the promise of enhancing the reach and consistency of evidence-based PTSD interventions, they also raise important ethical and safety challenges, including risk of bias, threats to patient privacy, and the question of how to incorporate clinical oversight. Ongoing collaboration among multidisciplinary teams involving clinicians, researchers, and technology developers will be essential to ensuring that AI tools remain patient-centered, ethically sound, and effective.