TY - JOUR
T1 - Common Skin Conditions in Children and Adolescents
T2 - Nonbacterial Infections
AU - Zha, Mengyi
AU - Usatine, Richard
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
Written permission from the American Academy of Family Physicians is required for reproduction of this material in whole or in part in any form or medium.
PY - 2024/6/1
Y1 - 2024/6/1
N2 - Tinea infections are caused by dermatophytes, except for tinea versicolor, which is caused by yeasts in the Malassezia genus. If available, potassium hydroxide preparation should be performed to confirm diagnosis of tinea capitis or onychomycosis. In some cases, fungal culture, UV light examination, or periodic acid-Schiff stain can be helpful. Topical drugs are effective for tinea corporis, tinea cruris, and tinea pedis. Tinea incognito is an atypical presentation that usually requires systemic treatment. Management of tinea capitis always requires oral drugs. Oral drugs are preferred for onychomycosis treatment but should not be prescribed without confirmation of fungal infection. Localized cases of tinea versicolor can be managed with topical drugs, but oral drugs might be needed for severe, widespread, or recurrent cases. Warts are superficial human papillomavirus infections. Common treatments include irritant, destructive (eg, cryotherapy), immune stimulant (eg, intralesional Candida antigen), and debridement and excision methods. Scabies infestation results in intensely itchy papules, nodules, or vesicles. Mites and burrows on the skin are pathognomonic but difficult to identify. Dermoscopy, particularly with UV light, can make identification easier. Topical permethrin and oral ivermectin are two of the most commonly used treatments. All household and close contacts should be treated regardless of the presence or absence of symptoms.
AB - Tinea infections are caused by dermatophytes, except for tinea versicolor, which is caused by yeasts in the Malassezia genus. If available, potassium hydroxide preparation should be performed to confirm diagnosis of tinea capitis or onychomycosis. In some cases, fungal culture, UV light examination, or periodic acid-Schiff stain can be helpful. Topical drugs are effective for tinea corporis, tinea cruris, and tinea pedis. Tinea incognito is an atypical presentation that usually requires systemic treatment. Management of tinea capitis always requires oral drugs. Oral drugs are preferred for onychomycosis treatment but should not be prescribed without confirmation of fungal infection. Localized cases of tinea versicolor can be managed with topical drugs, but oral drugs might be needed for severe, widespread, or recurrent cases. Warts are superficial human papillomavirus infections. Common treatments include irritant, destructive (eg, cryotherapy), immune stimulant (eg, intralesional Candida antigen), and debridement and excision methods. Scabies infestation results in intensely itchy papules, nodules, or vesicles. Mites and burrows on the skin are pathognomonic but difficult to identify. Dermoscopy, particularly with UV light, can make identification easier. Topical permethrin and oral ivermectin are two of the most commonly used treatments. All household and close contacts should be treated regardless of the presence or absence of symptoms.
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M3 - Review article
C2 - 38896827
AN - SCOPUS:85196702622
SN - 2159-3000
VL - 541
SP - 20
EP - 26
JO - FP essentials
JF - FP essentials
ER -