Biopolymers for endovascular use

This article reviews the current status of polymeric graft materials used in stent grafts. The chemical structure, physical properties, and biological properties of polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polytetrafluoroethylene (PET), and polyurethane (PU) are described. Each polymer has specific advantages and disadvantages. Polymer thrombogenicity, porosity, tensile strength, and durability impact on endovascular applications. PTFE appears most suitable to small diameter grafts, while PET materials are used for large (>10 mm diameter) grafts. Endovascular grafts composed of PU are not currently available. The use of currently available polymeric graft materials for endovascular procedures requires careful matching of polymer properties with clinical applications.