@article{b6489904a5604ebe8a845443d5812531,
title = "Association between self-reported marijuana use and incident diabetes in women and men with and at risk for HIV",
abstract = "Introduction: Marijuana use is common among persons living with HIV, but whether it's use increases the risk of type 2 diabetes in this population has not been explored. Objective: To determine whether self-reported marijuana use is associated with incident type 2 diabetes in women and men living with and at risk for HIV. Methods: We analyzed data from the Women's Interagency HIV Study (WIHS) and Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MACS), between 2000–2017 (WIHS) and 1999–2017 MACS. The association between self-reported marijuana use and incident type 2 diabetes was analyzed using time-dependent Cox regression models among 3578 and 2682 participants in the WIHS and MACS respectively. Results: Over the follow-up period, 452 (WIHS) and 326 (MACS) incident type 2 diabetes cases occurred. In multivariable models, the hazard ratios, collectively indicate a reduced risk of type 2 diabetes, in marijuana users compared to none users, although all associations were not statistically significant. The results were similar for HIV-positive and HIV-negative participants in both cohorts. Conclusions: In this prospective analysis of nearly 20 years of data for women and men with and at risk for HIV in the WIHS and MACS, although we found a pattern of reduced risk of type 2 diabetes among self-reported marijuana users, the associations were not statistically significant. To better inform clinical decisions and legal policy regarding marijuana use in this population, further longitudinal investigations that biologically quantify marijuana use to assess risk for incident diabetes is warranted.",
keywords = "HIV, Incident diabetes, Longitudinal, Marijuana",
author = "Okafor, {Chukwuemeka N.} and Plankey, {Michael W.} and David Goodman-Meza and Michael Li and Bautista, {Karla J.} and Hector Bolivar and Phyllis, {Tien C.} and Brown, {Todd T.} and Shoptaw, {Steven J.}",
note = "Funding Information: Dr. Okafor was supported by a National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) Research Scientist Development Award (K01-DA047912). Dr. Shoptaw is supported by the National Institute on Mental Health (NIMH) (P30MH058107). NIDA, or NIMH had no further role in study design; in the collection, analysis and interpretation of data; in the writing of the report; or in the decision to submit the paper for publication. Funding Information: Chukwuemeka N Okafor is supported by the National Institute on Drug Abuse (K01-DA047912). Steve Shoptaw is supported by the National Institute on Mental Health (P30MH058107). Data in this manuscript were collected by the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MACS) withcenters at Baltimore (U01- AI35042): The Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health: Joseph B. Margolick (PI), Barbara Crain, Adrian Dobs, Homayoon Farzadegan,Joel Gallant, Lisette Johnson-Hill, Cynthia Munro, Michael W. Plankey, Ned Sacktor, JamesShepard, Chloe Thio; Chicago (U01-AI35039): Feinberg School of Medicine, NorthwesternUniversity, and Cook County Bureau of Health Services: Steven M. Wolinsky (PI), John P.Phair, Sheila Badri, Maurice O'Gorman, David Ostrow, Frank Palella, Ann Ragin; Los Angeles(U01-AI35040): University of California, UCLA Schools of Public Health and Medicine: Roger Detels (PI), Otoniel Mart?nez-Maza (Co-P I), Aaron Aronow, Robert Bolan, Elizabeth Breen, Anthony Butch, Beth Jamieson, Eric N. Miller, John Oishi, Harry Vinters, Dorothy Wiley, Mallory Witt, Otto Yang, Stephen Young, Zuo Feng Zhang; Pittsburgh (U01- AI35041): University of Pittsburgh, Graduate School of Public Health: Charles R. Rinaldo (PI),Lawrence A. Kingsley (Co-PI), James T. Becker, Ross D. Cranston, Jeremy J. Martinson, John W. Mellors, Anthony J. Silvestre, Ronald D. Stall; and the Data Coordinating Center (UM1-AI35043): The Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health: Lisa P. Jacobson (PI), Alvaro Munoz (Co-PI), Alison, Abraham, Keri Althoff, Christopher Cox, Jennifer Deal, Gypsyamber D'Souza, Priya Duggal, Janet Schollenberger, Eric C. Seaberg, Sol Su, Pamela Surkan. The MACS is funded primarily by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), with additional co-funding from the National Cancer Institute (NCI).Targeted supplemental funding for specific projects was also provided by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), and the National Institute on Deafness and Communication Disorders (NIDCD). MACS data collection is also supported by UL1-TR000424 (JHU CTSA). Website located at http://www.statepi.jhsph.edu/macs/macs.html. The contents of this publication are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health (NIH). Funding Information: Chukwuemeka N Okafor is supported by the National Institute on Drug Abuse ( K01-DA047912 ). Steve Shoptaw is supported by the National Institute on Mental Health ( P30MH058107 ). Data in this manuscript were collected by the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MACS) withcenters at Baltimore ( U01- AI35042 ): The Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health : Joseph B. Margolick (PI), Barbara Crain, Adrian Dobs, Homayoon Farzadegan,Joel Gallant, Lisette Johnson-Hill, Cynthia Munro, Michael W. Plankey, Ned Sacktor, JamesShepard, Chloe Thio; Chicago ( U01-AI35039 ): Feinberg School of Medicine, NorthwesternUniversity, and Cook County Bureau of Health Services : Steven M. Wolinsky (PI), John P.Phair, Sheila Badri, Maurice O'Gorman, David Ostrow, Frank Palella, Ann Ragin; Los Angeles( U01-AI35040 ): University of California, UCLA Schools of Public Health and Medicine : Roger Detels (PI), Otoniel Mart{\'i}nez-Maza (Co-P I), Aaron Aronow, Robert Bolan, Elizabeth Breen, Anthony Butch, Beth Jamieson, Eric N. Miller, John Oishi, Harry Vinters, Dorothy Wiley, Mallory Witt, Otto Yang, Stephen Young, Zuo Feng Zhang; Pittsburgh ( U01- AI35041 ): University of Pittsburgh, Graduate School of Public Health : Charles R. Rinaldo (PI),Lawrence A. Kingsley (Co-PI), James T. Becker, Ross D. Cranston, Jeremy J. Martinson, John W. Mellors, Anthony J. Silvestre, Ronald D. Stall; and the Data Coordinating Center ( UM1-AI35043 ): The Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health : Lisa P. Jacobson (PI), Alvaro Munoz (Co-PI), Alison, Abraham, Keri Althoff, Christopher Cox, Jennifer Deal, Gypsyamber D{\textquoteright}Souza, Priya Duggal, Janet Schollenberger, Eric C. Seaberg, Sol Su, Pamela Surkan. The MACS is funded primarily by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) , with additional co-funding from the National Cancer Institute (NCI) .Targeted supplemental funding for specific projects was also provided by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) , and the National Institute on Deafness and Communication Disorders (NIDCD) . MACS data collection is also supported by UL1-TR000424 (JHU CTSA) . Website located at http://www.statepi.jhsph.edu/macs/macs.html . The contents of this publication are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) . Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2020",
year = "2020",
month = apr,
day = "1",
doi = "10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2020.107935",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "209",
journal = "Drug and Alcohol Dependence",
issn = "0376-8716",
publisher = "Elsevier Ireland Ltd",
}