Adult hemopoietic stem cell transplantation

Background. Hemopoietic stem cell transplantation, or HSCT, is an important tool in modern cancer treatment. Refinement of transplantation techniques and supportive care has resulted in increased posttransplantation survival rates. Dental care is a key supportive element in both pretransplantation and posttransplantation care of this patient population. Methods. The authors provide an overview of HSCT transplantation, emphasizing the oral complications and required supportive dental care. Conclusions. It is critical that transplantation candidates undergo dental screenings and be treated adequately before transplantation, that their care be closely managed during the transplantation process, and that they be given dental support as soon as their recovery permits. Dentists should consult with the patients oncologist or primary health provider to identify the appropriate timing and intensity of dental support. Clinical Implications. Because of improved transplantation survival rates, more patients may seek supportive outpatient dental care after transplantation, which requires special management considerations. Dental professionals need to be knowledgeable about modern HSCT.