TY - JOUR
T1 - Adherence to ketogenic diet in lifestyle interventions in adults with overweight or obesity and type 2 diabetes
T2 - a scoping review
AU - Li, Shiyu
AU - Du, Yan
AU - Meireles, Christiane
AU - Sharma, Kumar
AU - Qi, Lu
AU - Castillo, Alondra
AU - Wang, Jing
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2023, Springer Nature Limited.
PY - 2023/12
Y1 - 2023/12
N2 - Background/Objectives: Despite the evidence supporting the efficacy of the ketogenic diet (KD) on weight and type 2 diabetes (T2D) management, adherence to the KD is challenging. Additionally, no studies have reported changes in PA among individuals with overweight/obesity and T2D who have followed KD. We mapped out the methods used to assess adherence to the KD and level of physical activity (PA) in lifestyle interventions for weight and T2D management in individuals with overweight/obesity and T2D and compared levels of KD adherence and PA in these interventions. Methods: Articles published between January 2005 and March 2022 were searched in MEDLINE, CINAHL, and Scopus. Studies that included KD in lifestyle interventions for adults with T2D and overweight/obesity and measured ketone levels were included. Results: The eleven included studies comprised eight randomized controlled trials. They mainly used self-reported measures to evaluate adherence to the KD and level of PA. We found studies reported higher carbohydrate intake and lower fat intake than the KD regimen. Great inconsistencies were found among studies on the measurement and reporting of ketone and PA levels. Conclusion: Our results demonstrated the need to develop intervention strategies to improve adherence to the KD, as well as the necessity of developing standardized diet and PA assessment tools to establish a stronger evidence base for including KD in lifestyle interventions for weight and T2D management among adults with overweight/obesity and T2D.
AB - Background/Objectives: Despite the evidence supporting the efficacy of the ketogenic diet (KD) on weight and type 2 diabetes (T2D) management, adherence to the KD is challenging. Additionally, no studies have reported changes in PA among individuals with overweight/obesity and T2D who have followed KD. We mapped out the methods used to assess adherence to the KD and level of physical activity (PA) in lifestyle interventions for weight and T2D management in individuals with overweight/obesity and T2D and compared levels of KD adherence and PA in these interventions. Methods: Articles published between January 2005 and March 2022 were searched in MEDLINE, CINAHL, and Scopus. Studies that included KD in lifestyle interventions for adults with T2D and overweight/obesity and measured ketone levels were included. Results: The eleven included studies comprised eight randomized controlled trials. They mainly used self-reported measures to evaluate adherence to the KD and level of PA. We found studies reported higher carbohydrate intake and lower fat intake than the KD regimen. Great inconsistencies were found among studies on the measurement and reporting of ketone and PA levels. Conclusion: Our results demonstrated the need to develop intervention strategies to improve adherence to the KD, as well as the necessity of developing standardized diet and PA assessment tools to establish a stronger evidence base for including KD in lifestyle interventions for weight and T2D management among adults with overweight/obesity and T2D.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85171336757&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85171336757&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1038/s41387-023-00246-2
DO - 10.1038/s41387-023-00246-2
M3 - Review article
C2 - 37709770
AN - SCOPUS:85171336757
SN - 2044-4052
VL - 13
JO - Nutrition and Diabetes
JF - Nutrition and Diabetes
IS - 1
M1 - 16
ER -