Vasopressin in the rat with spontaneous hypertension

Because vasopressin is one of the most potent naturally occurring pressor agents, and because of its importance in the regulation of blood volume and composition, we have undertaken a study of the role of vasopressin in the pathogenesis of the hypertension in the Okamoto-Aoki spontaneously hypertensive (SH) rat. In SH rats, systolic blood pressure increased from 135 ± 3 (SE) mmHg at age 33 days to 184 ± 3 mm Hg at age 75 days (P < 0.01). In the Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) control rats, blood pressure increased from 100 ± 2 to 120 ± 2 mmHg (P < 0.01). The differences in blood pressure between the SH and WKY rats and all ages were significant (P < 0.01). During the age period 33-75 days, the 24-h urinary excretion of vasopressin in the SH rat was consistently more than twofold greater (P < 0.01) than in the WKY rat. Plasma vasopressin concentration and pituitary vasopressin content were also elevated in the SH rat (P < 0.01 and P < 0.02, respectively). Changes in systolic blood pressure in the SH rat, however, were not paralleled by changes in the urinary excretion of vasopressin. The data indicate that the secretion of vasopressin is elevated in the SH rat. However, the magnitude of this elevation, in and of itself, may not be sufficient to account for the rising blood pressure in the young SH rat.