TY - JOUR
T1 - The Rise of Coccidioides
T2 - Forces Against the Dust Devil Unleashed
AU - Van Dyke, Marley C.Caballero
AU - Thompson, George R.
AU - Galgiani, John N.
AU - Barker, Bridget M.
PY - 2019/9/11
Y1 - 2019/9/11
N2 - Coccidioidomycosis (Valley fever) is a fungal disease caused by the inhalation of Coccidioides posadasii or C. immitis. This neglected disease occurs in the desert areas of the western United States, most notably in California and Arizona, where infections continue to rise. Clinically, coccidioidomycosis ranges from asymptomatic to severe pulmonary disease and can disseminate to the brain, skin, bones, and elsewhere. New estimates suggest as many as 350,000 new cases of coccidioidomycosis occur in the United States each year. Thus, there is an urgent need for the development of a vaccine and new therapeutic drugs against Coccidioides infection. In this review, we discuss the battle against Coccidioides including the development of potential vaccines, the quest for new therapeutic drugs, and our current understanding of the protective host immune response to Coccidioides infection.
AB - Coccidioidomycosis (Valley fever) is a fungal disease caused by the inhalation of Coccidioides posadasii or C. immitis. This neglected disease occurs in the desert areas of the western United States, most notably in California and Arizona, where infections continue to rise. Clinically, coccidioidomycosis ranges from asymptomatic to severe pulmonary disease and can disseminate to the brain, skin, bones, and elsewhere. New estimates suggest as many as 350,000 new cases of coccidioidomycosis occur in the United States each year. Thus, there is an urgent need for the development of a vaccine and new therapeutic drugs against Coccidioides infection. In this review, we discuss the battle against Coccidioides including the development of potential vaccines, the quest for new therapeutic drugs, and our current understanding of the protective host immune response to Coccidioides infection.
KW - Coccidioides
KW - antifungal drugs
KW - fungal vaccines
KW - immunity
KW - valley fever
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85072786643&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85072786643&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02188
DO - 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02188
M3 - Review article
C2 - 31572393
AN - SCOPUS:85072786643
VL - 10
JO - Frontiers in Immunology
JF - Frontiers in Immunology
SN - 1664-3224
M1 - 2188
ER -