The Incidence of Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy in Patients with Intracerebral Hemorrhage: A US Nationwide Study

Background: Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TC) is a commonly observed complication among patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH); however, the incidence of TC in patients with ICH have not been investigated yet. The goal of this study was to examine the incidence of TC in ICH and identify its risk factors, incidence rate, and outcomes of TC in patients with ICH in a US nationwide scale. Methods: Data for patients with ICH between the years of 2015 and 2018 were extracted from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample and stratified based on the diagnosis of TC. Results: Our results showed that the incidence rate of TC in ICH discharges was 0.27% (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.24–0.31). The mean age of patients with ICH developing TC was 66.28 years ± 17.11. There were significantly more women in the TC group, with an odds ratio (OR) of 3.65 (95% CI 2.63–5.05). Acute myocardial infarction (OR 7.91, 95% CI 5.80–10.80) was significantly higher in the TC group. The mortality rate of patients with ICH who had TC was significantly higher (33.48%, p < 0.0001). Length of stay (mean days; 15.72 ± 13.56 vs. 9.56 ± 14.10, p < 0.0001) significantly increased in patients with ICH who had TC. Patients with intraventricular ICH (OR 2.46, 95% CI 1.88–3.22) had the highest odds of TC. Conclusions: Takotsubo cardiomyopathy is associated with a higher mortality, longer hospitalization period, and more acute myocardial infarctions in patients with ICH. It is illustrated that intraventricular ICH is associated with higher odds of TC.