Abstract
The T7 bacteriophage encodes a single-subunit RNA polymerase of 99. kDa that transcribes the phage's genes during its lytic growth in Escherichia coli. The T7 RNA polymerase is structurally similar to DNA polymerases, reverse transcriptases, and RNA-directed RNA polymerases, and these structural similarities define a polymerase superfamily that includes the majority of nucleic acid-synthesizing enzymes. T7 RNA polymerase is structurally unrelated to the more complex, multi-subunit cellular RNA polymerases that have molecular weights of >500. kDa. Its relative structural simplicity has facilitated description of its structure and mechanism to reveal that progression through its transcription reaction is mediated by a concerted series of large conformational changes. The high activity and stringent promoter specificity of T7 RNA polymerase are exploited in technologies for expressing heterologous genes in vivo, and for synthesizing RNAs in vitro.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Title of host publication | Encyclopedia of Biological Chemistry |
| Subtitle of host publication | Second Edition |
| Publisher | Elsevier Inc. |
| Pages | 355-359 |
| Number of pages | 5 |
| ISBN (Electronic) | 9780123786319 |
| ISBN (Print) | 9780123786302 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Feb 15 2013 |
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Keywords
- Allostery
- Conformational change
- DNA polymerase
- Elongation
- Gene overexpression
- Pause site
- Promoter
- Reverse transcriptase
- RNA polymerase
- Synthetic RNA
- Termination
- Transcription
- Transcriptional regulation
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology(all)
Cite this
T7 RNA Polymerase. / Sousa, Rui J.
Encyclopedia of Biological Chemistry: Second Edition. Elsevier Inc., 2013. p. 355-359.Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Chapter
}
TY - CHAP
T1 - T7 RNA Polymerase
AU - Sousa, Rui J
PY - 2013/2/15
Y1 - 2013/2/15
N2 - The T7 bacteriophage encodes a single-subunit RNA polymerase of 99. kDa that transcribes the phage's genes during its lytic growth in Escherichia coli. The T7 RNA polymerase is structurally similar to DNA polymerases, reverse transcriptases, and RNA-directed RNA polymerases, and these structural similarities define a polymerase superfamily that includes the majority of nucleic acid-synthesizing enzymes. T7 RNA polymerase is structurally unrelated to the more complex, multi-subunit cellular RNA polymerases that have molecular weights of >500. kDa. Its relative structural simplicity has facilitated description of its structure and mechanism to reveal that progression through its transcription reaction is mediated by a concerted series of large conformational changes. The high activity and stringent promoter specificity of T7 RNA polymerase are exploited in technologies for expressing heterologous genes in vivo, and for synthesizing RNAs in vitro.
AB - The T7 bacteriophage encodes a single-subunit RNA polymerase of 99. kDa that transcribes the phage's genes during its lytic growth in Escherichia coli. The T7 RNA polymerase is structurally similar to DNA polymerases, reverse transcriptases, and RNA-directed RNA polymerases, and these structural similarities define a polymerase superfamily that includes the majority of nucleic acid-synthesizing enzymes. T7 RNA polymerase is structurally unrelated to the more complex, multi-subunit cellular RNA polymerases that have molecular weights of >500. kDa. Its relative structural simplicity has facilitated description of its structure and mechanism to reveal that progression through its transcription reaction is mediated by a concerted series of large conformational changes. The high activity and stringent promoter specificity of T7 RNA polymerase are exploited in technologies for expressing heterologous genes in vivo, and for synthesizing RNAs in vitro.
KW - Allostery
KW - Conformational change
KW - DNA polymerase
KW - Elongation
KW - Gene overexpression
KW - Pause site
KW - Promoter
KW - Reverse transcriptase
KW - RNA polymerase
KW - Synthetic RNA
KW - Termination
KW - Transcription
KW - Transcriptional regulation
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85042756841&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85042756841&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/B978-0-12-378630-2.00267-X
DO - 10.1016/B978-0-12-378630-2.00267-X
M3 - Chapter
AN - SCOPUS:85042756841
SN - 9780123786302
SP - 355
EP - 359
BT - Encyclopedia of Biological Chemistry
PB - Elsevier Inc.
ER -