TY - JOUR
T1 - Synthesis and SAR of novel capsazepine analogs with significant anti-cancer effects in multiple cancer types
AU - Chapa, Jorge De La
AU - Valdez, Matthew
AU - Ruiz, Franscisco
AU - Gonzales, Keith
AU - Mitchell, Wes
AU - McHardy, Stanton F.
AU - Hart, Matthew
AU - Polusani, Srikanth R.
AU - Gonzales, Cara B.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2018 Elsevier Ltd
PY - 2019/1/1
Y1 - 2019/1/1
N2 - We previously demonstrated that capsazepine (CPZ), a synthetic transient receptor potential Vanilloid subtype 1 (TRPV1) antagonist, has significant anti-cancer effects in vivo. The purpose of this study was to develop more potent analogs based upon CPZ pharmacophore and structure–activity relationships (SAR) across analogs. We generated 30 novel compounds and screened for their anti-proliferative effects in cultured HeLa cervical cancer cells. Cell viability assays identified multiple compounds with IC50s < 15 μM and one compound, 29 with an IC50 < 5 μM; six fold more potent than CPZ. We validated the anti-proliferative efficacy of two lead compounds, 17 and 29, in vivo using HeLa-derived xenografts in athymic nude mice. Both analogs significantly reduced tumor volumes by day 8 compared to control treated animals (p < 0.001) with no observable adverse effects. Calcium imaging determined that compound 17 activates TRPV1 whereas 29 neither activates nor inhibits TRPV1; indicating a unique mechanism-of-action that does not involve TRPV1 signaling. Cell viability assays using a panel of additional tumor types including oral squamous cell carcinoma, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), breast cancer, and prostate cancer cell lines (HSC-3, H460, MDA-231, and PC-3 respectively) demonstrated that both lead compounds were efficacious against every cancer type tested. Compounds 29 displayed IC50s of 1–2.5 μM in HSC-3and PC-3cells. Thus, we propose that these novel CPZ analogs may serve as efficacious therapeutic agents against multiple tumor types that warrant further development for clinical application.
AB - We previously demonstrated that capsazepine (CPZ), a synthetic transient receptor potential Vanilloid subtype 1 (TRPV1) antagonist, has significant anti-cancer effects in vivo. The purpose of this study was to develop more potent analogs based upon CPZ pharmacophore and structure–activity relationships (SAR) across analogs. We generated 30 novel compounds and screened for their anti-proliferative effects in cultured HeLa cervical cancer cells. Cell viability assays identified multiple compounds with IC50s < 15 μM and one compound, 29 with an IC50 < 5 μM; six fold more potent than CPZ. We validated the anti-proliferative efficacy of two lead compounds, 17 and 29, in vivo using HeLa-derived xenografts in athymic nude mice. Both analogs significantly reduced tumor volumes by day 8 compared to control treated animals (p < 0.001) with no observable adverse effects. Calcium imaging determined that compound 17 activates TRPV1 whereas 29 neither activates nor inhibits TRPV1; indicating a unique mechanism-of-action that does not involve TRPV1 signaling. Cell viability assays using a panel of additional tumor types including oral squamous cell carcinoma, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), breast cancer, and prostate cancer cell lines (HSC-3, H460, MDA-231, and PC-3 respectively) demonstrated that both lead compounds were efficacious against every cancer type tested. Compounds 29 displayed IC50s of 1–2.5 μM in HSC-3and PC-3cells. Thus, we propose that these novel CPZ analogs may serve as efficacious therapeutic agents against multiple tumor types that warrant further development for clinical application.
KW - Cancer therapy
KW - Capsazepine
KW - Solid tumors
KW - Structure-activity relationships
KW - TRPV1
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U2 - 10.1016/j.bmc.2018.11.040
DO - 10.1016/j.bmc.2018.11.040
M3 - Article
C2 - 30528162
AN - SCOPUS:85057784853
SN - 0968-0896
VL - 27
SP - 208
EP - 215
JO - Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry
JF - Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry
IS - 1
ER -