Synchronous visceral Kaposi sarcoma and extracavitary primary effusion lymphoma in a patient with AIDS

Stanley Bradshaw; Estelle Oertling; Austin Rezigh

doi:10.1136/bcr-2021-245306

Synchronous visceral Kaposi sarcoma and extracavitary primary effusion lymphoma in a patient with AIDS

Stanley Bradshaw, Estelle Oertling, Austin Rezigh

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

While infection should always lead the differential when a patient with AIDS presents with fever, inflammatory and malignant aetiologies should also be considered. With profound immunocompromise, malignancies can develop as sequelae of viral oncogene expression. Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) infection drives several AIDS-related cancers including Kaposi sarcoma (KS), multicentric Castleman disease and primary effusion lymphoma (PEL), which can present simultaneously with variable clinical features. Herein, we describe a case of synchronous visceral KS and extracavitary PEL in a patient with AIDS. The patient was treated with systemic chemotherapy and remains in remission after four cycles. We review other cases of copresenting HHV-8-related malignancies, explore the salient pathomechanisms and clinical features of these cancers and discuss treatment strategies.

Original language	English (US)
Journal	BMJ case reports
Volume	15
Issue number	3
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2021-245306
State	Published - Mar 29 2022
Externally published	Yes

Keywords

Endoscopy
HIV / AIDS
Oncology

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Medicine(all)

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10.1136/bcr-2021-245306

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title = "Synchronous visceral Kaposi sarcoma and extracavitary primary effusion lymphoma in a patient with AIDS",

abstract = "While infection should always lead the differential when a patient with AIDS presents with fever, inflammatory and malignant aetiologies should also be considered. With profound immunocompromise, malignancies can develop as sequelae of viral oncogene expression. Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) infection drives several AIDS-related cancers including Kaposi sarcoma (KS), multicentric Castleman disease and primary effusion lymphoma (PEL), which can present simultaneously with variable clinical features. Herein, we describe a case of synchronous visceral KS and extracavitary PEL in a patient with AIDS. The patient was treated with systemic chemotherapy and remains in remission after four cycles. We review other cases of copresenting HHV-8-related malignancies, explore the salient pathomechanisms and clinical features of these cancers and discuss treatment strategies.",

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T1 - Synchronous visceral Kaposi sarcoma and extracavitary primary effusion lymphoma in a patient with AIDS

AU - Bradshaw, Stanley

AU - Oertling, Estelle

AU - Rezigh, Austin

N1 - Publisher Copyright: © BMJ Publishing Group Limited 2022. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.

PY - 2022/3/29

Y1 - 2022/3/29

N2 - While infection should always lead the differential when a patient with AIDS presents with fever, inflammatory and malignant aetiologies should also be considered. With profound immunocompromise, malignancies can develop as sequelae of viral oncogene expression. Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) infection drives several AIDS-related cancers including Kaposi sarcoma (KS), multicentric Castleman disease and primary effusion lymphoma (PEL), which can present simultaneously with variable clinical features. Herein, we describe a case of synchronous visceral KS and extracavitary PEL in a patient with AIDS. The patient was treated with systemic chemotherapy and remains in remission after four cycles. We review other cases of copresenting HHV-8-related malignancies, explore the salient pathomechanisms and clinical features of these cancers and discuss treatment strategies.

AB - While infection should always lead the differential when a patient with AIDS presents with fever, inflammatory and malignant aetiologies should also be considered. With profound immunocompromise, malignancies can develop as sequelae of viral oncogene expression. Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) infection drives several AIDS-related cancers including Kaposi sarcoma (KS), multicentric Castleman disease and primary effusion lymphoma (PEL), which can present simultaneously with variable clinical features. Herein, we describe a case of synchronous visceral KS and extracavitary PEL in a patient with AIDS. The patient was treated with systemic chemotherapy and remains in remission after four cycles. We review other cases of copresenting HHV-8-related malignancies, explore the salient pathomechanisms and clinical features of these cancers and discuss treatment strategies.

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KW - Oncology

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Synchronous visceral Kaposi sarcoma and extracavitary primary effusion lymphoma in a patient with AIDS

Abstract

Keywords

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