Sixteen-year-old athlete with chest pain and shortness of breath due to pulmonary emboli

Ann H. Tsung, Justin B. Williams, Allen C. Whitford

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

8 Scopus citations

Abstract

Background: Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a life-threatening condition that is extremely uncommon in the healthy pediatric population. Objective: Because pediatric PE is rarely on the Emergency Physician's differential diagnosis, with this case we hope to increase the clinical suspicion for PE in children who present to the Emergency Department (ED). Case Report: This is a case of bilateral pulmonary embolism in a 16-year-old basketball player whose only risk factor is oral contraceptive medication. Initial vital signs demonstrated a temperature of 37.1°C (98.8°F), blood pressure 124/74 mm Hg, heart rate 74 beats/min, respiratory rate 16 breaths/min, and oxygen saturation 100% on room air. Subsequent vital signs, physical examination, chest radiograph, electrocardiogram, and laboratory assessments were all within normal limits. Using clinician gestalt in combination with the patient's Wells score of 0, a D-dimer was obtained and returned at 1916 ng/mL. The computed tomography scan with PE protocol detected a total of seven pulmonary emboli bilaterally. The patient was anticoagulated with Lovenox (Sanofi US, Bridgewater, NJ) in the ED and admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit. Complete thrombophilia work-up was negative. The patient was discharged with Lovenox and was transitioned to warfarin. Conclusions: Emergency Physicians may be inclined to discharge a pediatric patient at low pre-test probability for PE with outpatient follow-up if the work-up is non-contributory. But the current adult PE clinical criteria are not as sensitive or specific in the pediatric population. This case demonstrates that the clinician's gestalt should play a major role in combination with the Wells score and PERC (pulmonary embolism rule-out criteria) rule to exclude PE until clinical decision rules specific for the pediatric population are established.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)939-942
Number of pages4
JournalJournal of Emergency Medicine
Volume44
Issue number5
DOIs
StatePublished - May 2013

Keywords

  • D-dimer
  • Wells score
  • athlete
  • bilateral
  • chest pain
  • oral contraceptive
  • pediatric
  • pulmonary embolism
  • pulmonary embolism rule-out criteria (PERC)
  • shortness of breath
  • venous thromboembolism

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Emergency Medicine

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