Sgs1 Helicase and Two Nucleases Dna2 and Exo1 Resect DNA Double-Strand Break Ends

Zhu Zhu, Woo Hyun Chung, Eun Yong Shim, Sang Eun Lee, Grzegorz Ira

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

854 Scopus citations

Abstract

Formation of single-strand DNA (ssDNA) tails at a double-strand break (DSB) is a key step in homologous recombination and DNA-damage signaling. The enzyme(s) producing ssDNA at DSBs in eukaryotes remain unknown. We monitored 5′-strand resection at inducible DSB ends in yeast and identified proteins required for two stages of resection: initiation and long-range 5′-strand resection. We show that the Mre11-Rad50-Xrs2 complex (MRX) initiates 5′ degradation, whereas Sgs1 and Dna2 degrade 5′ strands exposing long 3′ strands. Deletion of SGS1 or DNA2 reduces resection and DSB repair by single-strand annealing between distant repeats while the remaining long-range resection activity depends on the exonuclease Exo1. In exo1Δ sgs1Δ double mutants, the MRX complex together with Sae2 nuclease generate, in a stepwise manner, only few hundred nucleotides of ssDNA at the break, resulting in inefficient gene conversion and G2/M damage checkpoint arrest. These results provide important insights into the early steps of DSB repair in eukaryotes.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)981-994
Number of pages14
JournalCell
Volume134
Issue number6
DOIs
StatePublished - Sep 19 2008

Keywords

  • DNA

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

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