Abstract
Schistosome parasites have co-evolved an intricate relationship with their human and snail hosts as well as a novel interplay between the adult male and female parasites. We review the role of the TGF-β signaling pathway in parasite development, host-parasite interactions and male-female interactions. The data to date support multiple roles for the TGF-β signaling pathway throughout schistosome development, in particular, in the tegument which is at the interface with the host and between the male and female schistosome, development of vitelline cells in female worms whose genes and development are regulated by a stimulus from the male schistosome and embryogenesis of the egg. The human ligand TGF-β1 has been demonstrated to regulate the expression of a schistosome target gene that encodes a gynecophoric canal protein in the schistosome worm itself. Studies on signaling in schistosomes opens a new era for investigation of host-parasite and male-female interactions.
Original language | English (US) |
---|---|
Pages (from-to) | 304-317 |
Number of pages | 14 |
Journal | Experimental Parasitology |
Volume | 117 |
Issue number | 3 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Nov 2007 |
Keywords
- ALKs
- AMH
- ActRIb
- BMPs
- CBP
- CREB binding protein
- Co-Smads
- Common-Smads
- ECD
- EGFR
- ERK
- FK506-binding protein
- FKBP
- GCN5
- GCP
- GDFs
- GPI
- GS region
- HAT
- Host-parasite interactions
- I-Smads
- IL-7
- Interleukin-7
- LAP
- LTBP
- MAPK
- MH
- Mad homology region
- Male-female interactions
- N-terminal extracellular domain
- R-Smads
- RK
- RNA interference
- RNAi
- RT-PCR
- SARA
- SIP
- Schistactivin receptor-like kinasesosoma mansoni
- Schistosoma mansoni
- Sm
- SmInACT
- SmInhibin/activin-like molecule
- SmRK1-interacting protein
- Smad
- Smad anchor for receptor activation
- TGF-b type I receptor
- TGF-b type II receptor
- TGF-β
- TβRI
- TβRII
- activin receptor-like kinases
- activin type Ib receptor
- alternating glycine and serine residues
- anti-Mullerian hormone
- beta-ig-h3
- bone morphogenetic proteins
- cDNA
- complementary deoxyribonucleic acid
- e2IFα
- epidermal growth factor receptor
- eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2α subunit
- extracellular signal-regulated kinase
- general control nonderepressible-5 protein
- glycosylphosphatidylinositol
- growth/differentiation factors
- gynecophoral canal protein
- h
- histone acetyltransferase
- human
- inhibitory Smads
- latency associated protein
- latent TGF-β binding protein
- mitogen-activated protein kinase
- receptor kinase
- receptor-regulated Smads
- reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction
- short interfering RNA
- siRNA
- transforming growth factor beta
- transforming growth factor β-induced gene-human clone 3
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Infectious Diseases
- Parasitology
- Immunology