Rest and exercise hemodynamic and metabolic findings in active duty soldiers referred for cardiac catheterization to exclude heart disease: Insights from past invasive cardiopulmonary exercise testing using multisensor high fidelity catheters

James A. Watts, Faith R. Kelly, Terry D. Bauch, Joseph P. Murgo, Bernard J. Rubal

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

5 Scopus citations

Abstract

Objective: This study describes results of iCPET from the past, which used submaximal stress and multisensor high-fidelity catheters to exclude heart disease in a unique population of young adults. Background: There has been resurgence in comprehensive hemodynamic evaluation of complex cardiovascular patients. Although dynamic assessments during cardiac catheterization have become commonplace, there remains limited information regarding left and right heart hemodynamic changes during supine exercise in young adults. Methods: The study population was derived from a retrospective review of catheterization records at Brooke Army Medical Center for active duty patients (ages: 19–40 years) in whom hemodynamic waveforms were obtained with multisensor high-fidelity catheters and supine exercise testing (53.1 ± 12.6 watts) and angiography performed to exclude heart disease. We report findings from 41 males and 1 female (ages: 19–40 years) found free of heart disease. Results: Submaximal exercise was associated with ≈ fourfold (P < 0.001) increase in minute ventilation (VE), O2 consumption (VO2) and carbon dioxide production (VCO2). VE/VCO2 ratio decreased (−16.8 ± 13.9%, P < 0.001) and VE/VCO2 slope was 22.6 ± 0.6 (±SE). Cardiac index (CI) increased with VO2 (ΔCI/ΔVO2 slope = 7.6 ± 2.2). Heart rate increased nearly 10 bpm per 100 mL O2/min/M2, whereas, changes in stroke volume were more variable. Pulmonary artery (PA) saturations fell from 77 to 55% (P < 0.001). No change was noted in mean right atrial pressures; PA pressures increased ≈10 mm Hg (P < 0.001). Pulmonary capillary wedge and left ventricular end-diastolic pressures increased ≈2 mm Hg (P < 0.001) but variability noted between individuals. Conclusion: This study provides insight into past practices of invasive cardiopulmonary testing and furthers the understanding of metabolic and hemodynamic changes in a young population during supine submaximal exercise.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)35-46
Number of pages12
JournalCatheterization and Cardiovascular Interventions
Volume91
Issue number1
DOIs
StatePublished - Jan 1 2018

Keywords

  • atypical chest pain
  • cardiac catheterization
  • dynamic exercise
  • expired gas analysis
  • high fidelity pressure measurements
  • multisensor catheter
  • noncardiac chest pain
  • normal reference values
  • supine hemodynamics
  • ventilatory equivalent

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging
  • Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine

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