TY - JOUR
T1 - Protective Role of Melatonin and Its Metabolites in Skin Aging
AU - Bocheva, Georgeta
AU - Slominski, Radomir M.
AU - Janjetovic, Zorica
AU - Kim, Tae Kang
AU - Böhm, Markus
AU - Steinbrink, Kerstin
AU - Reiter, Russel J.
AU - Kleszczyński, Konrad
AU - Slominski, Andrzej T.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
PY - 2022/2/1
Y1 - 2022/2/1
N2 - The skin, being the largest organ in the human body, is exposed to the environment and suffers from both intrinsic and extrinsic aging factors. The skin aging process is characterized by several clinical features such as wrinkling, loss of elasticity, and rough-textured appearance. This complex process is accompanied with phenotypic and functional changes in cutaneous and immune cells, as well as structural and functional disturbances in extracellular matrix components such as collagens and elastin. Because skin health is considered one of the principal factors representing overall “well-being” and the perception of “health” in humans, several anti-aging strategies have recently been developed. Thus, while the fundamental mechanisms regarding skin aging are known, new substances should be considered for introduction into dermatological treatments. Herein, we describe melatonin and its metabolites as potential “aging neutralizers”. Melatonin, an evolutionarily ancient derivative of serotonin with hormonal properties, is the main neuroendocrine secretory product of the pineal gland. It regulates circadian rhythmicity and also exerts anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and anti-tumor capacities. The intention of this review is to summarize changes within skin aging, research advances on the molecular mechanisms leading to these changes, and the impact of the melatoninergic antioxidative system controlled by melatonin and its metabolites, targeting the prevention or reversal of skin aging.
AB - The skin, being the largest organ in the human body, is exposed to the environment and suffers from both intrinsic and extrinsic aging factors. The skin aging process is characterized by several clinical features such as wrinkling, loss of elasticity, and rough-textured appearance. This complex process is accompanied with phenotypic and functional changes in cutaneous and immune cells, as well as structural and functional disturbances in extracellular matrix components such as collagens and elastin. Because skin health is considered one of the principal factors representing overall “well-being” and the perception of “health” in humans, several anti-aging strategies have recently been developed. Thus, while the fundamental mechanisms regarding skin aging are known, new substances should be considered for introduction into dermatological treatments. Herein, we describe melatonin and its metabolites as potential “aging neutralizers”. Melatonin, an evolutionarily ancient derivative of serotonin with hormonal properties, is the main neuroendocrine secretory product of the pineal gland. It regulates circadian rhythmicity and also exerts anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and anti-tumor capacities. The intention of this review is to summarize changes within skin aging, research advances on the molecular mechanisms leading to these changes, and the impact of the melatoninergic antioxidative system controlled by melatonin and its metabolites, targeting the prevention or reversal of skin aging.
KW - AFMK
KW - Anti-aging properties
KW - Melatonin
KW - Oxidative stress
KW - Photoaging
KW - Skin aging
KW - UV radiation
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U2 - 10.3390/ijms23031238
DO - 10.3390/ijms23031238
M3 - Review article
C2 - 35163162
AN - SCOPUS:85123095475
SN - 1661-6596
VL - 23
JO - International journal of molecular sciences
JF - International journal of molecular sciences
IS - 3
M1 - 1238
ER -