TY - JOUR
T1 - Physiological functions of tumor necrosis factor and the consequences of its pathologic overexpression or blockade
T2 - Mouse models
AU - Kruglov, Andrei A.
AU - Kuchmiy, Anna
AU - Grivennikov, Sergei I.
AU - Tumanov, Alexei V.
AU - Kuprash, Dmitry V.
AU - Nedospasov, Sergei A.
N1 - Funding Information:
We thank Drs. Nancy Rice and Peter Lemansky for critical comments on the manuscript. This work was supported by MCB grants from the Russian Academy of Sciences, SFB633 from DFG (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft) and by FP6 TB REACT grant. S.A.N. is International Research Scholar of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute.
PY - 2008/6
Y1 - 2008/6
N2 - TNF is an exciting cytokine which has helped to establish many paradigms in immunology. Although TNF itself has found only very limited use in the clinic, anti-cytokine therapy, which targets this single molecule, has enjoyed astounding success in treatment of a growing number of human diseases. However, since TNF mediates unique physiologic functions, in particular those related to host defense, TNF blockade may result in unwanted consequences. Much of our understanding about TNF intrinsic functions in the body, as well as about consequences of its overexpression and ablation, is based on studying phenotypes of various genetically engineered mice. Here we review mouse studies aimed at understanding TNF physiologic functions using transgenic and knockout models, and we discuss additional mouse models that may be helpful in the future.
AB - TNF is an exciting cytokine which has helped to establish many paradigms in immunology. Although TNF itself has found only very limited use in the clinic, anti-cytokine therapy, which targets this single molecule, has enjoyed astounding success in treatment of a growing number of human diseases. However, since TNF mediates unique physiologic functions, in particular those related to host defense, TNF blockade may result in unwanted consequences. Much of our understanding about TNF intrinsic functions in the body, as well as about consequences of its overexpression and ablation, is based on studying phenotypes of various genetically engineered mice. Here we review mouse studies aimed at understanding TNF physiologic functions using transgenic and knockout models, and we discuss additional mouse models that may be helpful in the future.
KW - Anti-cytokine therapy
KW - Disease models
KW - Knockout
KW - Transgenic mice
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U2 - 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2008.04.010
DO - 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2008.04.010
M3 - Article
C2 - 18502680
AN - SCOPUS:44749088915
SN - 1359-6101
VL - 19
SP - 231
EP - 244
JO - Cytokine and Growth Factor Reviews
JF - Cytokine and Growth Factor Reviews
IS - 3-4
ER -