TY - JOUR
T1 - Phenotyping the Spectrum of Traumatic Brain Injury
T2 - A Review and Pathway to Standardization
AU - Pugh, Mary Jo
AU - Kennedy, Eamonn
AU - Prager, Eric M.
AU - Humpherys, Jeffrey
AU - Dams-O'connor, Kristen
AU - Hack, Dallas
AU - McCafferty, Mary Katherine
AU - Wolfe, Jessica
AU - Yaffe, Kristine
AU - McCrea, Michael
AU - Ferguson, Adam R.
AU - Lancashire, Lee
AU - Ghajar, Jamshid
AU - Lumba-Brown, Angela
N1 - Funding Information:
This work would not have been possible without the financial support provided by Cohen Veterans Bioscience through grant COH-0003 from Steven A. Cohen. Cohen Veterans Bioscience conceptualized and funded the Brain Trauma Blueprint. This work was also funded by NIH UG3/UH3 NS106899 (A.R.F.), NIH R01 NS088475 (A.R.F.), VA 1I01RX002245 (A.R.F.), VA I01RX002787 (A.R.F.), the Craig H. Neilsen Foundation (A.R.F.), and the Wings for Life Foundation (A.R.F.). Dr. Pugh received funding for this work from VA Health Services Research and Development Service Research Career Scientist Award, (RCS 17-297, Award No IK6HX002608).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 Mary Jo Pugh et al. Published by Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.
PY - 2021/12
Y1 - 2021/12
N2 - It is widely appreciated that the spectrum of traumatic brain injury (TBI), mild through severe, contains distinct clinical presentations, variably referred to as subtypes, phenotypes, and/or clinical profiles. As part of the Brain Trauma Blueprint TBI State of the Science, we review the current literature on TBI phenotyping with an emphasis on unsupervised methodological approaches, and describe five phenotypes that appear similar across reports. However, we also find the literature contains divergent analysis strategies, inclusion criteria, findings, and use of terms. Further, whereas some studies delineate phenotypes within a specific severity of TBI, others derive phenotypes across the full spectrum of severity. Together, these facts confound direct synthesis of the findings. To overcome this, we introduce PhenoBench, a freely available code repository for the standardization and evaluation of raw phenotyping data. With this review and toolset, we provide a pathway toward robust, data-driven phenotypes that can capture the heterogeneity of TBI, enabling reproducible insights and targeted care.
AB - It is widely appreciated that the spectrum of traumatic brain injury (TBI), mild through severe, contains distinct clinical presentations, variably referred to as subtypes, phenotypes, and/or clinical profiles. As part of the Brain Trauma Blueprint TBI State of the Science, we review the current literature on TBI phenotyping with an emphasis on unsupervised methodological approaches, and describe five phenotypes that appear similar across reports. However, we also find the literature contains divergent analysis strategies, inclusion criteria, findings, and use of terms. Further, whereas some studies delineate phenotypes within a specific severity of TBI, others derive phenotypes across the full spectrum of severity. Together, these facts confound direct synthesis of the findings. To overcome this, we introduce PhenoBench, a freely available code repository for the standardization and evaluation of raw phenotyping data. With this review and toolset, we provide a pathway toward robust, data-driven phenotypes that can capture the heterogeneity of TBI, enabling reproducible insights and targeted care.
KW - clinical profiles
KW - clustering
KW - coma
KW - concussion
KW - meta-analysis
KW - phenotypes
KW - subclassification
KW - subtypes
KW - traumatic brain injury
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U2 - 10.1089/neu.2021.0059
DO - 10.1089/neu.2021.0059
M3 - Article
C2 - 33858210
AN - SCOPUS:85120909294
VL - 38
SP - 3222
EP - 3234
JO - Central Nervous System Trauma
JF - Central Nervous System Trauma
SN - 0897-7151
IS - 23
ER -