Peri-implant inflammation defined by the implant-abutment interface

N. Broggini, L. M. McManus, J. S. Hermann, R. Medina, R. K. Schenk, D. Buser, D. L. Cochran

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

424 Scopus citations

Abstract

An implant-abutment interface at the alveolar bone crest is associated with sustained peri-implant inflammation; however, whether magnitude of inflammation is proportionally dependent upon interface position remains unknown. This study compared the distribution and density of inflammatory cells surrounding implants with a supracrestal, crestal, or subcrestal implant-abutment interface. All implants developed a similar pattern of peri-implant inflammation: neutrophilic polymorphonuclear leukocytes (neutrophils) maximally accumulated at or immediately coronal to the interface. However, peri-implant neutrophil accrual increased progressively as the implant-abutment interface depth increased, i.e., subcrestal interfaces promoted a significantly greater maximum density of neutrophils than did supracrestal interfaces (10,512 ± 691 vs. 2398 ± 1077 neutrophils/mm2). Moreover, inflammatory cell accumulation below the original bone crest was significantly correlated with bone loss. Thus, the implant-abutment interface dictates the intensity and location of peri-implant inflammatory cell accumulation, a potential contributing component in the extent of implant-associated alveolar bone loss.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)473-478
Number of pages6
JournalJournal of dental research
Volume85
Issue number5
DOIs
StatePublished - May 2006

Keywords

  • Bone loss
  • Implant-abutment interface
  • Inflammation
  • Microgap
  • Neutrophil

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • General Dentistry

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