TY - JOUR
T1 - Overview of Lipidomic Analysis of Triglyceride Molecular Species in Biological Lipid Extracts
AU - Han, Xianlin
AU - Ye, Hongping
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was partially supported by the National Institute on Aging (Grant RF1 AG061872) and the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (Grant U54 NS110435) as well as the University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio Intramural Institutional Research Funds, the Mass Spectrometry Core Facility, and the Methodist Hospital Foundation.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 American Chemical Society.
PY - 2021/8/18
Y1 - 2021/8/18
N2 - Triglyceride (TG) is a class of neutral lipids, which functions as an energy storage depot and is important for cellular growth, metabolism, and function. The composition and content of TG molecular species are crucial factors for nutritional aspects in food chemistry and are directly associated with several diseases, including atherosclerosis, diabetes, obesity, stroke, etc. As a result of the complexities of aliphatic moieties and their different connections/locations to the glycerol backbone in TG molecules, accurate identification of individual TG molecular species and quantitative assessment of TG composition and content are particularly challenging, even at the current stage of lipidomics development. Herein, methods developed for analysis of TG species, such as liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry with a variety of columns and different mass spectrometric techniques, shotgun lipidomics approaches, and ion-mobility-based analysis, are reviewed. Moreover, the potential limitations of the methods are discussed. It is our sincere hope that the overviews and discussions can provide some insights for researchers to select an appropriate approach for TG analysis and can serve as the basis for those who would like to establish a methodology for TG analysis or develop a new method when novel tools become available. Biologically accurate analysis of TG species with an enabling method should lead us toward improving the nutritional quality, revealing the effects of TG on diseases, and uncovering the underlying biochemical mechanisms related to these diseases.
AB - Triglyceride (TG) is a class of neutral lipids, which functions as an energy storage depot and is important for cellular growth, metabolism, and function. The composition and content of TG molecular species are crucial factors for nutritional aspects in food chemistry and are directly associated with several diseases, including atherosclerosis, diabetes, obesity, stroke, etc. As a result of the complexities of aliphatic moieties and their different connections/locations to the glycerol backbone in TG molecules, accurate identification of individual TG molecular species and quantitative assessment of TG composition and content are particularly challenging, even at the current stage of lipidomics development. Herein, methods developed for analysis of TG species, such as liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry with a variety of columns and different mass spectrometric techniques, shotgun lipidomics approaches, and ion-mobility-based analysis, are reviewed. Moreover, the potential limitations of the methods are discussed. It is our sincere hope that the overviews and discussions can provide some insights for researchers to select an appropriate approach for TG analysis and can serve as the basis for those who would like to establish a methodology for TG analysis or develop a new method when novel tools become available. Biologically accurate analysis of TG species with an enabling method should lead us toward improving the nutritional quality, revealing the effects of TG on diseases, and uncovering the underlying biochemical mechanisms related to these diseases.
KW - lipidomics
KW - mass spectrometry
KW - metabolic syndrome
KW - regioisomers
KW - shotgun lipidomics
KW - triglycerides
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U2 - 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c07175
DO - 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c07175
M3 - Review article
C2 - 33606510
AN - SCOPUS:85101958372
VL - 69
SP - 8895
EP - 8909
JO - Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
JF - Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
SN - 0021-8561
IS - 32
ER -