TY - JOUR
T1 - Oral MIB-626 (β Nicotinamide Mononucleotide) Safely Raises Blood Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Levels in Hospitalized Patients With COVID-19 and Acute Kidney Injury
T2 - A Randomized Controlled Trial
AU - Pencina, Karol M.
AU - Leaf, David E.
AU - Valderrabano, Rodrigo J.
AU - Waikar, Sushrut S.
AU - Mehta, Tapan S.
AU - Shang, Yili Valentine
AU - Latham, Nancy K.
AU - John, Tejossy
AU - Volpi, Elena
AU - Fusco, Dahlene
AU - Memish-Beleva, Yusnie
AU - Krishnamurthy, Shobana
AU - Lavu, Siva
AU - Karmi, Salma
AU - Livingston, David J.
AU - Bhasin, Shalender
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2025 The Author(s). FASEB BioAdvances published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of The Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology.
PY - 2025
Y1 - 2025
N2 - Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) plays an important role in the innate immune response and is depleted during SARS-CoV-2 infection due to increased turnover. It is unknown whether treatment with NAD+ precursors can safely raise NAD+ levels in patients with COVID-19. To determine whether MIB-626 (β-nicotinamide mononucleotide), an NAD+ precursor, can safely increase blood NAD+ levels and attenuate acute kidney injury (AKI) and inflammation in hospitalized patients with COVID-19, 42 adults, ≥ 18 years, hospitalized with COVID-19 and AKI, were randomized in a 3:2 ratio to MIB-626 1.0-g or placebo tablets twice daily for 14 days. Circulating NAD+ and its metabolites, markers of AKI, inflammation, and disease severity, were assessed. MIB-626 treatment significantly but gradually raised blood NAD+ levels to a peak between 5 to 14 days (16.0 ± 6.9, 25.5 ± 12.6, and 42.6 ± 25.6 μg/mL at baseline, days 5 and 14) and raised plasma concentrations of NAD+ metabolites 1-methylnicotinamide, N-methyl, 2-pyridone, 4-carboxamide rapidly to a peak by day 3. Changes in serum creatinine, cystatin-C, and serum markers of AKI did not differ significantly between groups. Serum CRP, IL-6, and TNFα and indices of disease severity also did not differ between groups. MIB-626 treatment of patients with COVID-19 and AKI safely and substantially raised blood NAD+ and plasma concentrations of NAD+ metabolites. Markers of AKI, inflammation, and disease severity did not differ between groups, likely due to the slow rise in NAD+ levels. Future studies should assess whether a rapid increase in NAD+ by parenteral administration can attenuate disease severity and AKI. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05038488.
AB - Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) plays an important role in the innate immune response and is depleted during SARS-CoV-2 infection due to increased turnover. It is unknown whether treatment with NAD+ precursors can safely raise NAD+ levels in patients with COVID-19. To determine whether MIB-626 (β-nicotinamide mononucleotide), an NAD+ precursor, can safely increase blood NAD+ levels and attenuate acute kidney injury (AKI) and inflammation in hospitalized patients with COVID-19, 42 adults, ≥ 18 years, hospitalized with COVID-19 and AKI, were randomized in a 3:2 ratio to MIB-626 1.0-g or placebo tablets twice daily for 14 days. Circulating NAD+ and its metabolites, markers of AKI, inflammation, and disease severity, were assessed. MIB-626 treatment significantly but gradually raised blood NAD+ levels to a peak between 5 to 14 days (16.0 ± 6.9, 25.5 ± 12.6, and 42.6 ± 25.6 μg/mL at baseline, days 5 and 14) and raised plasma concentrations of NAD+ metabolites 1-methylnicotinamide, N-methyl, 2-pyridone, 4-carboxamide rapidly to a peak by day 3. Changes in serum creatinine, cystatin-C, and serum markers of AKI did not differ significantly between groups. Serum CRP, IL-6, and TNFα and indices of disease severity also did not differ between groups. MIB-626 treatment of patients with COVID-19 and AKI safely and substantially raised blood NAD+ and plasma concentrations of NAD+ metabolites. Markers of AKI, inflammation, and disease severity did not differ between groups, likely due to the slow rise in NAD+ levels. Future studies should assess whether a rapid increase in NAD+ by parenteral administration can attenuate disease severity and AKI. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05038488.
KW - acute kidney injury
KW - COVID-19
KW - NAD augmentation
KW - NAD metabolism
KW - NAD precursor
KW - nicotinamide mononucleotide
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U2 - 10.1096/fba.2025-00014
DO - 10.1096/fba.2025-00014
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:105008575994
SN - 2573-9832
JO - FASEB BioAdvances
JF - FASEB BioAdvances
ER -