Neuroprotection in the Preterm Infant: Further Understanding of the Short- and Long-term Implications for Brain Development

Neuroprotection is not a new term; it has been around for a considerable length of time in the laboratory and scientific world. It is, however, a new term in the clinical environment of the neonatal intensive care unit. Over time, the definition of neuroprotection has become more global, and as such, many of the developmental supportive activities now found in many neonatal intensive care units can be said to be neuroprotective. As we learn more about how the brain develops, we are more able to support and enhance its appropriate development in ways that lead to optimal outcomes. Neuroprotective strategies are one such avenue that needs further attention in the clinical setting.