TY - JOUR
T1 - National collaborative study of the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance among clinical isolates of Haemophilus influenzae
AU - Doern, G. V.
AU - Jorgensen, J. H.
AU - Thornsberry, C.
AU - Preston, D. A.
AU - Tubert, T.
AU - Redding, J. S.
AU - Maher, L. A.
N1 - Copyright:
Copyright 2017 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 1988
Y1 - 1988
N2 - A total of 2,811 clinical isolates of Haemophilus influenzae were obtained during 1986 from 30 medical centers and one nationwide private independent laboratory in the United States. Among these, 757 (26.9%) were type b strains. The overall rate of β-lactamase-mediated ampicillin resistance was 20.0%. Type b strains were approximately twice as likely as non-type b strains to produce β-lactamase (31.7 versus 15.6%). The MICs of 12 antimicrobial agents were determined for all isolates. Ampicillin resistance among strains that lacked β-lactamase activity was extremely uncommon (0.1%). Percentages of study isolates susceptible to cefamandole, cefaclor, cephalothin, and cephalexin were 98.7, 94.5, 87.3, and 43.3%, respectively. For 14 strains (0.5% of the total), chloramphenicol MICs were ≥8.0 μg, and thus the strains were considered resistant. All of these resistant strains produced chloramphenicol acetyltransferase. In addition, all 14 strains were resistant to tetracycline; 11 produced β-lactamase. The percentage of isolates susceptible to tetracycline was 97.7%. In contrast, erythromycin and sulfisoxazole were relatively inactive. The combination of erythromycin-sulfisoxazole (1/64) was more active than erythromycin alone but essentially equivalent in activity to sulfisoxazole alone. Finally, small numbers of clinical isolates of H. influenzae were resistant to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and rifampin.
AB - A total of 2,811 clinical isolates of Haemophilus influenzae were obtained during 1986 from 30 medical centers and one nationwide private independent laboratory in the United States. Among these, 757 (26.9%) were type b strains. The overall rate of β-lactamase-mediated ampicillin resistance was 20.0%. Type b strains were approximately twice as likely as non-type b strains to produce β-lactamase (31.7 versus 15.6%). The MICs of 12 antimicrobial agents were determined for all isolates. Ampicillin resistance among strains that lacked β-lactamase activity was extremely uncommon (0.1%). Percentages of study isolates susceptible to cefamandole, cefaclor, cephalothin, and cephalexin were 98.7, 94.5, 87.3, and 43.3%, respectively. For 14 strains (0.5% of the total), chloramphenicol MICs were ≥8.0 μg, and thus the strains were considered resistant. All of these resistant strains produced chloramphenicol acetyltransferase. In addition, all 14 strains were resistant to tetracycline; 11 produced β-lactamase. The percentage of isolates susceptible to tetracycline was 97.7%. In contrast, erythromycin and sulfisoxazole were relatively inactive. The combination of erythromycin-sulfisoxazole (1/64) was more active than erythromycin alone but essentially equivalent in activity to sulfisoxazole alone. Finally, small numbers of clinical isolates of H. influenzae were resistant to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and rifampin.
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U2 - 10.1128/AAC.32.2.180
DO - 10.1128/AAC.32.2.180
M3 - Article
C2 - 3259121
AN - SCOPUS:0023949537
VL - 32
SP - 180
EP - 185
JO - Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy
JF - Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy
SN - 0066-4804
IS - 2
ER -