Mammary hamartomas. The importance of radiologic-pathologic correlation

Mammary hamartomas are uncommon benign breast tumors. When these contain radiographically visible fat, they can be diagnosed using mammography, and biopsy can be avoided. We report the findings of 11 cases of nonpalpable mammary hamartomas that did not contain radiographically visible fat. Ultrasound examinations performed in five of these patients were not helpful in suggesting the correct diagnosis preoperatively. Pathologic diagnosis was difficult, especially because the nodular nature of the biopsy specimen was not always apparent histologically. Case review with mammographic-pathologic correlation was necessary to reach the correct diagnosis in 8 of 11 cases. Mammary hamartomas are probably more common than previously believed. They may have a varied appearance both on mammography and on ultrasound examinations and may be indistinguishable from other benign and malignant breast lesions. Correlation of the radiographic and pathologic findings may be necessary to insure an accurate diagnosis.