TY - JOUR
T1 - Influence of ethnicity and familial diabetes on glucose tolerance and insulin action
T2 - A physiological analysis
AU - Ferrannini, Ele
AU - Gastaldelli, Amalia
AU - Matsuda, Masafumi
AU - Miyazaki, Yoshinori
AU - Pettiti, Maura
AU - Glass, Leonard
AU - DeFronzo, Ralph A.
PY - 2003/7/1
Y1 - 2003/7/1
N2 - Both ethnicity and familial diabetes (FHD) confer risk for type 2 diabetes [diabetes mellitus (DM)], but their relative influence has not been established. To analyze the separate impact of ethnicity, Mexican-American vs. Caucasian, and FHD on the physiological determinants of glucose tolerance, we measured insulin sensitivity of glucose uptake (ISGU) (by the clamp technique), endogenous glucose production (by 3-[3H]glucose infusion), and insulin secretory response (to oral glucose) in 172 Mexican-Americans and 60 Caucasians with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) or DM. ISGU was markedly reduced in diabetics vs. NGT (3.9 ± 0.2 vs. 8.4 ± 0.5 ml·min-1·kgffm-1, P < 0.0001), and lower in Mexican-Americans than in Caucasians (5.3 ± 0.3 vs. 7.3 ± 0.7 ml·min-1·kgffm-1, P < 0.003; ffm, fat-free mass). In a multivariate analysis including both ethnicity and FHD (and adjusting for body mass index, age, and diabetes), ethnicity was still a significant (P = 0.02) independent correlate of ISGU. Insulin resistance of glucose production was increased in diabetics (14 ± 1 mmol·min-1·[μU/ml], P < 0.0001 vs. 9 ± 1 of NGT), whereas the 30′ insulin/glucose ratio was decreased (16 ± 1 μU/mg, P < 0.0001 vs. 60 ± 5). In multivariate models, neither ethnicity nor FHD were significant independent correlates of glucose production and early insulin response. We conclude that the primary physiological target of the propensity to diabetes of Mexican-Americans is insulin resistance of glucose uptake.
AB - Both ethnicity and familial diabetes (FHD) confer risk for type 2 diabetes [diabetes mellitus (DM)], but their relative influence has not been established. To analyze the separate impact of ethnicity, Mexican-American vs. Caucasian, and FHD on the physiological determinants of glucose tolerance, we measured insulin sensitivity of glucose uptake (ISGU) (by the clamp technique), endogenous glucose production (by 3-[3H]glucose infusion), and insulin secretory response (to oral glucose) in 172 Mexican-Americans and 60 Caucasians with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) or DM. ISGU was markedly reduced in diabetics vs. NGT (3.9 ± 0.2 vs. 8.4 ± 0.5 ml·min-1·kgffm-1, P < 0.0001), and lower in Mexican-Americans than in Caucasians (5.3 ± 0.3 vs. 7.3 ± 0.7 ml·min-1·kgffm-1, P < 0.003; ffm, fat-free mass). In a multivariate analysis including both ethnicity and FHD (and adjusting for body mass index, age, and diabetes), ethnicity was still a significant (P = 0.02) independent correlate of ISGU. Insulin resistance of glucose production was increased in diabetics (14 ± 1 mmol·min-1·[μU/ml], P < 0.0001 vs. 9 ± 1 of NGT), whereas the 30′ insulin/glucose ratio was decreased (16 ± 1 μU/mg, P < 0.0001 vs. 60 ± 5). In multivariate models, neither ethnicity nor FHD were significant independent correlates of glucose production and early insulin response. We conclude that the primary physiological target of the propensity to diabetes of Mexican-Americans is insulin resistance of glucose uptake.
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U2 - 10.1210/jc.2002-021864
DO - 10.1210/jc.2002-021864
M3 - Article
C2 - 12843172
AN - SCOPUS:0037622785
SN - 0021-972X
VL - 88
SP - 3251
EP - 3257
JO - Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism
JF - Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism
IS - 7
ER -