TY - JOUR
T1 - Inflammation and pregnancy
AU - Challis, John R.
AU - Lockwood, Charles J.
AU - Myatt, Leslie
AU - Norman, Jane E.
AU - Strauss, Jerome F.
AU - Petraglia, Felice
PY - 2009/2
Y1 - 2009/2
N2 - Inflammation is a process by which tissues respond to various insults. It is characterized by upregulation of chemokines, cytokines, and pattern recognition receptors that sense microbes and tissue breakdown products. During pregnancy, the balance of Th1 (cell-mediated immunity) and Th2 (humoral immunity) cytokines is characterized by an initial prevalence of Th2 cytokines, followed by a progressive shift toward Th1 predominance late in gestation, that when is abnormal, may initiate and intensify the cascade of inflammatory cytokine production involved in adverse pregnancy outcomes. Maternal and placental hormones may affect the inflammatory pathway. Hypoxia and the innate immune response are 2 adaptive mechanisms by which organisms respond to perturbation in organ function, playing a major role in spontaneous abortion, intrauterine growth restriction, preeclampsia, and preterm delivery. The interaction between tissue remodeling factors, like matrix metalloproteinases, and vasoactive/hemostatic factors, like prostaglandin and coagulation factors, mediates this adaptive response.
AB - Inflammation is a process by which tissues respond to various insults. It is characterized by upregulation of chemokines, cytokines, and pattern recognition receptors that sense microbes and tissue breakdown products. During pregnancy, the balance of Th1 (cell-mediated immunity) and Th2 (humoral immunity) cytokines is characterized by an initial prevalence of Th2 cytokines, followed by a progressive shift toward Th1 predominance late in gestation, that when is abnormal, may initiate and intensify the cascade of inflammatory cytokine production involved in adverse pregnancy outcomes. Maternal and placental hormones may affect the inflammatory pathway. Hypoxia and the innate immune response are 2 adaptive mechanisms by which organisms respond to perturbation in organ function, playing a major role in spontaneous abortion, intrauterine growth restriction, preeclampsia, and preterm delivery. The interaction between tissue remodeling factors, like matrix metalloproteinases, and vasoactive/hemostatic factors, like prostaglandin and coagulation factors, mediates this adaptive response.
KW - Cytokines
KW - Hormones
KW - Inflammation
KW - Intrauterine growth restriction
KW - Preeclampsia
KW - Preterm delivery
KW - Prostaglandins
KW - Spontaneous abortion
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U2 - 10.1177/1933719108329095
DO - 10.1177/1933719108329095
M3 - Article
C2 - 19208789
AN - SCOPUS:59849120670
VL - 16
SP - 206
EP - 215
JO - Reproductive Sciences
JF - Reproductive Sciences
SN - 1933-7191
IS - 2
ER -