@article{f1d4698591cb4fd6be59f20c69613f68,
title = "Importance of prostate volume in the European Randomised Study of Screening for Prostate Cancer (ERSPC) risk calculators: Results from the prostate biopsy collaborative group",
abstract = "Objectives: To compare the predictive performance and potential clinical usefulness of risk calculators of the European Randomized Study of Screening for Prostate Cancer (ERSPC RC) with and without information on prostate volume. Methods: We studied 6 cohorts (5 European and 1 US) with a total of 15,300 men, all biopsied and with pre-biopsy TRUS measurements of prostate volume. Volume was categorized into 3 categories (25, 40, and 60 cc), to reflect use of digital rectal examination (DRE) for volume assessment. Risks of prostate cancer were calculated according to a ERSPC DRE-based RC (including PSA, DRE, prior biopsy, and prostate volume) and a PSA + DRE model (including PSA, DRE, and prior biopsy). Missing data on prostate volume were completed by single imputation. Risk predictions were evaluated with respect to calibration (graphically), discrimination (AUC curve), and clinical usefulness (net benefit, graphically assessed in decision curves). Results: The AUCs of the ERSPC DRE-based RC ranged from 0.61 to 0.77 and were substantially larger than the AUCs of a model based on only PSA + DRE (ranging from 0.56 to 0.72) in each of the 6 cohorts. The ERSPC DRE-based RC provided net benefit over performing a prostate biopsy on the basis of PSA and DRE outcome in five of the six cohorts. Conclusions: Identifying men at increased risk for having a biopsy detectable prostate cancer should consider multiple factors, including an estimate of prostate volume.",
keywords = "Calibration, Net benefit, PSA, Prostate cancer, Prostate volume, Risk",
author = "Roobol, {Monique J.} and Schr{\"o}der, {F. H.} and Jonas Hugosson and Jones, {J. Stephen} and Kattan, {Michael W.} and Klein, {Eric A.} and Freddie Hamdy and David Neal and Jenny Donovan and Parekh, {Dipen J.} and Donna Ankerst and George Bartsch and Helmut Klocker and Wolfgang Horninger and Amine Benchikh and Gilles Salama and Arnauld Villers and Freedland, {Stephen J.} and Moreira, {Daniel M.} and Vickers, {Andrew J.} and Hans Lilja and Steyerberg, {Ewout W.}",
note = "Funding Information: Acknowledgments Grants to support the work of the ERSPC include: European Union Grants SOC 95 35109, SOC 96 201869 05F022, SOC 97 201329, SOC 98 32241, the 6th Framework Program of the EU: PMark:LSHC-CT-2004-503011; The Dutch Cancer Society (KWF 94-869, 98-1657, 2002-277, 2006-3518); the Netherlands Organization for Health Research and Development (ZonMW-002822820, 22000106, 50-50110-98-311). Prostate Cancer Research Foundation of Rotterdam (SWOP); Beckman-Coulter-Hybritech Inc; Abbott Pharmaceuticals, Sweden; Af Jochnick{\textquoteright}s foundation; Catarina and Sven Hagstroms family foundation; Gunvor and Ivan Svensson{\textquoteright}s foundation; Johanniterorden, King Gustav V Jubil{\'e}e Clinic Cancer Research Foundation; Sahlgrenska University Hospital; Schering Plough, Sweden, Swedish Cancer Society (Contract numbers 090107, 080315, and 083455); Wallac Oy, Turkku, Finland. Ewout Steyerberg was supported by a grant from the Center for Translational Molecular Medicine (PCMM project). Grants to support the Tyrol study: Supported by the International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon and the Tyrolean Prostate Cancer Early Detection Group. The SABOR project is supported by the San Antonio Center of Biomarkers of Risk for Prostate Cancer U01 CA86402. Statistical center supported in part by funds from David H. Koch provided through the Prostate Cancer Foundation, the Sidney Kimmel Center for Prostate and Urologic Cancers and P50-CA92629 SPORE grant from the National Cancer Institute to Dr. P. T. Scardino.",
year = "2012",
month = apr,
doi = "10.1007/s00345-011-0804-y",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "30",
pages = "149--155",
journal = "World Journal of Urology",
issn = "0724-4983",
publisher = "Springer Verlag",
number = "2",
}