Implants Placed in Immediate Extraction Sites: A Report of Histologic and Histometric Analyses of Human Biopsies

Thomas G. Wilson, Robert Schenk, Daniel Buser, David Cochran

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

182 Scopus citations

Abstract

Five titanium plasma-sprayed implants were biopsied from a human volunteer 6 months after placement. Four test implants had been placed in immediate extraction sockets, while one implant was placed in a mature site and served as a control. The histologic analysis demonstrated that all five implants achieved osseointegration as demonstrated by light microscopy, whereas a varying degree of bone-implant contact was observed. The nonloaded control implant had the highest percentage of bone-implant contact, 72%, followed by the two implants placed in the canine sites presenting with a horizontal defect dimension of 1.5 mm or less. These implants were placed without a barrier membrane, but in a submerged fashion. The histometric analysis showed a mean bone-implant contact of 50% for these two implants. The lowest mean bone-implant contact (17%) was observed for the two molar implants, which had horizontal defect dimensions of 4 mm; these implants were placed in a nonsubmerged fashion with the implants perforating an expanded polytetrafluoroethylene membrane. The authors concluded that osseointegration may occur in immediate extraction sites in humans using titanium implants with a plasma-sprayed surface. The horizontal component of the peri-implant defect was apparently the most critical factor relating to the final amount of bone-implant contact.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)333-341
Number of pages9
JournalInternational Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Implants
Volume13
Issue number3
StatePublished - Dec 1 1998

Keywords

  • Bone-implant contact
  • Human biopsy
  • Immediate extraction sites
  • Osseointegration
  • Titanium plasma-sprayed implants

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Oral Surgery

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