Abstract
Objectives: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infections are well recognized as a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplant (allo-HSCT) recipients. We evaluated the spectrum of clinical manifestations, management (including ribavirin-based antiviral therapy) and outcomes of RSV infections and determined the risk factors associated with RSV lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) and all-cause mortality. Methods: In this retrospective study, we analysed clinical data from all laboratory-confirmed RSV infections in allo-HSCT recipients (n1/4280) who presented at our institution from January 1996 to May 2009. Results: Of the 280 patients, 80 (29%) developed LRTI within 20 days (median 1 day, range 0-19 days) and 44 (16%) died within 90 days (median 26 days, range 1-82 days) from RSV diagnosis. Multivariable logistic regression analyses identified several significant risk factors associated with RSV LRTI and all-cause mortality, including age, male sex, neutropenia, lymphocytopenia and lack of ribavirin-based antiviral therapy at the upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) stage. Aerosolized ribavirin-based therapy at the URTI stage was the single most significant factor in reducing the risk of RSV LRTI (83%), all-cause mortality (57%) and RSV-associated mortality (87%) in these patients (P<0.05), irrespective of the year of RSV diagnosis. Conclusions: Our results demonstrate that RSV infections are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in high-risk allo-HSCT recipients and ribavirin-based antiviral therapy at the URTI stage had a positive impact on both outcomes in this vulnerable population with multiple risk factors.
Original language | English (US) |
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Article number | dkt111 |
Pages (from-to) | 1872-1880 |
Number of pages | 9 |
Journal | Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy |
Volume | 68 |
Issue number | 8 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Aug 2013 |
Externally published | Yes |
Keywords
- Immunocompromised
- Pneumonia
- Rsv
- Stem cell transplantation
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Microbiology (medical)
- Pharmacology (medical)
- Infectious Diseases
- Pharmacology