TY - JOUR
T1 - Hormone-induced and dna demethylation-induced relief of a tissue-specific and developmentally regulated block in transcriptional elongation
AU - Rao, Manjeet K.
AU - Matsumoto, Yuiko
AU - Richardson, Marcy E.
AU - Panneerdoss, Subbarayalu
AU - Bhardwaj, Anjana
AU - Ward, Jacqueline M.
AU - Shanker, Sreenath
AU - Bettegowda, Anilkumar
AU - Wilkinson, Miles F.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2014 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
PY - 2014/12/19
Y1 - 2014/12/19
N2 - Genome-wide studies have revealed that genes commonly have a high density ofRNApolymerase II just downstream of the transcription start site. This has raised the possibility that genes are commonly regulated by transcriptional elongation, but this remains largely untested in vivo , particularly in vertebrates. Here, we show that the proximal promoter from the Rhox5 homeobox gene recruits polymerase II and begins elongating in all tissues and cell lines that we tested, but it only completes elongation in a tissue-specific and developmentally regulated manner. Relief of the elongation block is associated with recruitment of the elongation factor P-TEFb, the co-activator GRIP1, the chromatin remodeling factor BRG1, and specific histone modifications. We provide evidence that two mechanisms relieve the elongation block at the proximal promoter: demethylation and recruitment of androgen receptor. Together, our findings support a model in which promoter proximal pausing helps confer tissue-specific and developmental gene expression through a mechanism regulated by DNA demethylation-dependent nuclear hormone receptor recruitment.
AB - Genome-wide studies have revealed that genes commonly have a high density ofRNApolymerase II just downstream of the transcription start site. This has raised the possibility that genes are commonly regulated by transcriptional elongation, but this remains largely untested in vivo , particularly in vertebrates. Here, we show that the proximal promoter from the Rhox5 homeobox gene recruits polymerase II and begins elongating in all tissues and cell lines that we tested, but it only completes elongation in a tissue-specific and developmentally regulated manner. Relief of the elongation block is associated with recruitment of the elongation factor P-TEFb, the co-activator GRIP1, the chromatin remodeling factor BRG1, and specific histone modifications. We provide evidence that two mechanisms relieve the elongation block at the proximal promoter: demethylation and recruitment of androgen receptor. Together, our findings support a model in which promoter proximal pausing helps confer tissue-specific and developmental gene expression through a mechanism regulated by DNA demethylation-dependent nuclear hormone receptor recruitment.
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U2 - 10.1074/jbc.M114.615435
DO - 10.1074/jbc.M114.615435
M3 - Article
C2 - 25331959
AN - SCOPUS:84919341529
SN - 0021-9258
VL - 289
SP - 35087
EP - 35101
JO - Journal of Biological Chemistry
JF - Journal of Biological Chemistry
IS - 51
ER -