High velocity gunshot injuries to the extremities: Management on and off the battlefield

Jowan G. Penn-Barwell, Kate V. Brown, C. Anton Fries

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

32 Scopus citations

Abstract

The gunshot wounds sustained on the battlefield caused by military ammunition can be different in nature to those usually encountered in the civilian setting. The main difference is that military ammunition has typically higher velocity with therefore greater kinetic energy and consequently potential to destroy tissue. The surgical priorities in the management of gunshot wounds are hemorrhage control, preventing infection, and reconstruction. The extent to which a gunshot wound needs to be surgically explored can be difficult to determine and depends on the likely amount of tissue destruction and the delay between wounding and initial surgical treatment. Factors associated with greater energy transfer, e.g., bullet fragmentation and bony fractures, are predictors of increased wound severity and therefore a requirement for more surgical exploration and likely debridement. Gunshot wounds should never be closed primarily; the full range of reconstruction from secondary intention to free tissue transfer may be required.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)312-317
Number of pages6
JournalCurrent Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine
Volume8
Issue number3
DOIs
StatePublished - Sep 28 2015
Externally publishedYes

Keywords

  • Ballistic
  • Combat
  • Gun
  • Gunshot wounds
  • Injuries
  • War

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Orthopedics and Sports Medicine

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