TY - JOUR
T1 - Glutathione redox potential is low and glutathionylated and cysteinylated hemoglobin levels are elevated in maintenance hemodialysis patients
AU - Khazim, Khaled
AU - Giustarini, Daniela
AU - Rossi, Ranieri
AU - Verkaik, Darlene
AU - Cornell, John E.
AU - Cunningham, Sue E
AU - Mohammad, Maryam
AU - Trochta, Kara
AU - Lorenzo, Carlos
AU - Folli, Franco
AU - Bansal, Shweta
AU - Fanti, Paolo
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported by grants (to P.F.) from NIH-NCCAM (# AT004490 ) and from the VA (Merit Review #1I01CX000264).
PY - 2013/7
Y1 - 2013/7
N2 - Glutathione (GSH), the most abundant intracellular low molecular mass thiol, protects cells from oxidative damage and regulates their function. Available information is inconsistent regarding levels of GSH and its disulfide (GSSG) in maintenance hemodialysis patients (HD). In addition, very limited data are available in HD about the relationship of GSH and GSSG with other measures of thiol metabolism and with the clinical profile. We tested the hypothesis that erythrocyte GSH/GSSG redox potential (Eh) is lower in HD than in healthy controls (C), and that Eh correlates with posttranslational thiolation of hemoglobin (Hb) and with standard clinical parameters in HD. In cross-sectional comparison of 33 stable HD and 21 C, we found a net loss of reducing capacity in HD as indicated by low erythrocyte GSH/GSSG Eh (-257 ± 5.5 vs -270 ± 5.6 mV, P = 0.002). Glutathionylated Hb (HbSSG) was 46% higher in HD than C (19.3 ± 4.80 vs 13.2 ± 2.79 pmol/mg Hb; P = 0.001) and cysteinylated Hb (HbSSCy) was >3-fold higher in HD than C [38.3 (29.0-63.3) vs 11.5 (9.6-17.2) pmol/mg Hb; P = 0.001]. In multiple regression analysis of the HD cases, statistically significant associations were found between the GSH/GSSG Eh and the blood urea nitrogen (P = 0.001), creatinine (P = 0.015) and normalized protein catabolic rate (P = 0.05), after adjusting for age, race/ethnicity, and etiology of end-stage renal disease. In conclusion, accurate and precise analysis of GSH, GSSG, and mixed disulfides reveals loss of erythrocyte GSH/GSSG Eh, rise of both HbSSG and HbSSCy, and correlation of these thiols with measures of uremia and dietary protein intake.
AB - Glutathione (GSH), the most abundant intracellular low molecular mass thiol, protects cells from oxidative damage and regulates their function. Available information is inconsistent regarding levels of GSH and its disulfide (GSSG) in maintenance hemodialysis patients (HD). In addition, very limited data are available in HD about the relationship of GSH and GSSG with other measures of thiol metabolism and with the clinical profile. We tested the hypothesis that erythrocyte GSH/GSSG redox potential (Eh) is lower in HD than in healthy controls (C), and that Eh correlates with posttranslational thiolation of hemoglobin (Hb) and with standard clinical parameters in HD. In cross-sectional comparison of 33 stable HD and 21 C, we found a net loss of reducing capacity in HD as indicated by low erythrocyte GSH/GSSG Eh (-257 ± 5.5 vs -270 ± 5.6 mV, P = 0.002). Glutathionylated Hb (HbSSG) was 46% higher in HD than C (19.3 ± 4.80 vs 13.2 ± 2.79 pmol/mg Hb; P = 0.001) and cysteinylated Hb (HbSSCy) was >3-fold higher in HD than C [38.3 (29.0-63.3) vs 11.5 (9.6-17.2) pmol/mg Hb; P = 0.001]. In multiple regression analysis of the HD cases, statistically significant associations were found between the GSH/GSSG Eh and the blood urea nitrogen (P = 0.001), creatinine (P = 0.015) and normalized protein catabolic rate (P = 0.05), after adjusting for age, race/ethnicity, and etiology of end-stage renal disease. In conclusion, accurate and precise analysis of GSH, GSSG, and mixed disulfides reveals loss of erythrocyte GSH/GSSG Eh, rise of both HbSSG and HbSSCy, and correlation of these thiols with measures of uremia and dietary protein intake.
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U2 - 10.1016/j.trsl.2012.12.014
DO - 10.1016/j.trsl.2012.12.014
M3 - Article
C2 - 23333585
AN - SCOPUS:84879351824
SN - 1931-5244
VL - 162
SP - 16
EP - 25
JO - Translational Research
JF - Translational Research
IS - 1
ER -