TY - JOUR
T1 - Glucose homeostasis during prolonged suppression of glucagon and insulin secretion by somatostatin
AU - Sherwin, R. S.
AU - Hendler, R.
AU - DeFronzo, R.
AU - Wahren, J.
AU - Felic, P.
PY - 1977
Y1 - 1977
N2 - Somatostatin was infused for 5-8 hr into five normal men and eleven normal, conscious dogs. This infusion resulted in a persistent decline in plasma glucagon (40-60%) and insulin (30-45%). Plasma glucose fell 15-25% during the initial 1-2 hr, but subsequently rose to hyperglycemic levels (130-155 mg/100 ml) by 3-6 hr, despite persistent hypoglucagonemia. Glucose production initially declined by 40-50%, but later rose to levels 15-20% above basal rates while peripheral glucose utilization fell to levels 20-30% below basal, thereby accounting for hyperglycemia. Infusion of exogenous insulin so as to restore plasma insulin to preinfusion values or cessation of the somatostatin infusion with restoration of endogenous insulin secretion resulted in a prompt reduction of plasma glucose to baseline values. Prevention of the initial somatostatin induced hypoglycemic response by intravenous infusion of glucose failed to prevent the delayed hyperglycemia. We conclude that somatostatin causes only transient hypoglycemia in normal subjects and that hyperglycemia eventually develops as a consequence of insulin deficiency. These data indicate that basal glucagon secretion is not essential for the development of fasting hyperglycemia and support the conclusion that insulin deficiency rather than glucagon excess is the primary factor responsible for abnormal glucose homeostasis in the diabetic.
AB - Somatostatin was infused for 5-8 hr into five normal men and eleven normal, conscious dogs. This infusion resulted in a persistent decline in plasma glucagon (40-60%) and insulin (30-45%). Plasma glucose fell 15-25% during the initial 1-2 hr, but subsequently rose to hyperglycemic levels (130-155 mg/100 ml) by 3-6 hr, despite persistent hypoglucagonemia. Glucose production initially declined by 40-50%, but later rose to levels 15-20% above basal rates while peripheral glucose utilization fell to levels 20-30% below basal, thereby accounting for hyperglycemia. Infusion of exogenous insulin so as to restore plasma insulin to preinfusion values or cessation of the somatostatin infusion with restoration of endogenous insulin secretion resulted in a prompt reduction of plasma glucose to baseline values. Prevention of the initial somatostatin induced hypoglycemic response by intravenous infusion of glucose failed to prevent the delayed hyperglycemia. We conclude that somatostatin causes only transient hypoglycemia in normal subjects and that hyperglycemia eventually develops as a consequence of insulin deficiency. These data indicate that basal glucagon secretion is not essential for the development of fasting hyperglycemia and support the conclusion that insulin deficiency rather than glucagon excess is the primary factor responsible for abnormal glucose homeostasis in the diabetic.
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U2 - 10.1073/pnas.74.1.348
DO - 10.1073/pnas.74.1.348
M3 - Article
C2 - 264686
AN - SCOPUS:0017350543
SN - 0027-8424
VL - 74
SP - 348
EP - 352
JO - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
IS - 1
ER -