Genetic control over the resting brain

D. C. Glahn, A. M. Winkler, P. Kochunov, Laura A Almasy, Ravindranath Duggirala, Melanie A Carless, Joanne E Curran, R. L. Olvera, A. R. Laird, S. M. Smith, C. F. Beckmann, P. T. Fox, John C Blangero

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

386 Scopus citations

Abstract

The default-mode network, a coherent resting-state brain network, is thought to characterize basal neural activity. Aberrant defaultmode connectivity has been reported in a host of neurological and psychiatric illnesses and in persons at genetic risk for such illnesses. Whereas the neurophysiologic mechanisms that regulate defaultmode connectivity are unclear, there is growing evidence that genetic factors play a role. In this report, we estimate the importance of genetic effects on the default-mode network by examining covariation patterns in functional connectivity among 333 individuals from 29 randomly selected extended pedigrees. Heritability for default-mode functional connectivity was 0.424 ± 0.17 (P = 0.0046). Although neuroanatomic variation in this network was also heritable, the genetic factors that influence default-mode functional connectivity and gray-matter density seem to be distinct, suggesting that unique genes influence the structure and function of the network. In contrast, significant genetic correlations between regions within the network provide evidence that the same genetic factors contribute to variation in functional connectivity throughout the default mode. Specifically, the left parahippocampal region was genetically correlated with all other network regions. In addition, the posterior cingulate/precuneus region, medial prefrontal cortex, and right cerebellum seem to form a subnetwork. Default-mode functional connectivity is influenced by genetic factors that cannot be attributed to anatomic variation or a single region within the network. By establishing the heritability of default-mode functional connectivity, this experiment provides the obligatory evidence required before these measures can be considered as endophenotypes for psychiatric or neurological illnesses or to identify genes influencing intrinsic brain function.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)1223-1228
Number of pages6
JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Volume107
Issue number3
DOIs
StatePublished - Jan 19 2010

Keywords

  • Default mode
  • Functional MRI
  • Heritability
  • Resting state networks

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • General

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