TY - JOUR
T1 - Functional Decoding and Meta-analytic Connectivity Modeling in Adult Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
AU - Cortese, Samuele
AU - Castellanos, F. Xavier
AU - Eickhoff, Claudia R.
AU - D'Acunto, Giulia
AU - Masi, Gabriele
AU - Fox, Peter T.
AU - Laird, Angela R.
AU - Eickhoff, Simon B.
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported by Grant Nos. R01MH083246 and R01MH074457, the Helmholtz Portfolio Theme “Supercomputing and Modeling for the Human Brain” and the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under Grant No. 604102.
Funding Information:
SC has received royalties from Argon Healthcare, Italy (2012–2014). GM was on the advisory boards for Eli Lilly, Shire, and Angelini; has received research grants from Eli Lilly and Shire; and has been a speaker for Eli Lilly, Shire, Lundbeck, and Otsuka. All other authors report no biomedical financial interests or potential conflicts of interest.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2016 Society of Biological Psychiatry
PY - 2016/12/15
Y1 - 2016/12/15
N2 - Background Task-based functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies of adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have revealed various ADHD-related dysfunctional brain regions, with heterogeneous findings across studies. Here, we used novel meta-analytic data-driven approaches to characterize the function and connectivity profile of ADHD-related dysfunctional regions consistently detected across studies. Methods We first conducted an activation likelihood estimation meta-analysis of 24 task-based fMRI studies in adults with ADHD. Each ADHD-related dysfunctional region resulting from the activation likelihood estimation meta-analysis was then analyzed using functional decoding based on ~7500 fMRI experiments in the BrainMap database. This approach allows mapping brain regions to functions not necessarily tested in individual studies, thus suggesting possible novel functions for those regions. Additionally, ADHD-related dysfunctional regions were clustered based on their functional coactivation profiles across all the experiments stored in BrainMap (meta-analytic connectivity modeling). Results ADHD-related hypoactivation was found in the left putamen, left inferior frontal gyrus (pars opercularis), left temporal pole, and right caudate. Functional decoding mapped the left putamen to cognitive aspects of music perception/reproduction and the left temporal lobe to language semantics; both these regions clustered together on the basis of their meta-analytic functional connectivity. Left inferior gyrus mapped to executive function tasks; right caudate mapped to both executive function tasks and music-related processes. Conclusions Our study provides meta-analytic support to the hypothesis that, in addition to well-known deficits in typical executive functions, impairment in processes related to music perception/reproduction and language semantics may be involved in the pathophysiology of adult ADHD.
AB - Background Task-based functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies of adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have revealed various ADHD-related dysfunctional brain regions, with heterogeneous findings across studies. Here, we used novel meta-analytic data-driven approaches to characterize the function and connectivity profile of ADHD-related dysfunctional regions consistently detected across studies. Methods We first conducted an activation likelihood estimation meta-analysis of 24 task-based fMRI studies in adults with ADHD. Each ADHD-related dysfunctional region resulting from the activation likelihood estimation meta-analysis was then analyzed using functional decoding based on ~7500 fMRI experiments in the BrainMap database. This approach allows mapping brain regions to functions not necessarily tested in individual studies, thus suggesting possible novel functions for those regions. Additionally, ADHD-related dysfunctional regions were clustered based on their functional coactivation profiles across all the experiments stored in BrainMap (meta-analytic connectivity modeling). Results ADHD-related hypoactivation was found in the left putamen, left inferior frontal gyrus (pars opercularis), left temporal pole, and right caudate. Functional decoding mapped the left putamen to cognitive aspects of music perception/reproduction and the left temporal lobe to language semantics; both these regions clustered together on the basis of their meta-analytic functional connectivity. Left inferior gyrus mapped to executive function tasks; right caudate mapped to both executive function tasks and music-related processes. Conclusions Our study provides meta-analytic support to the hypothesis that, in addition to well-known deficits in typical executive functions, impairment in processes related to music perception/reproduction and language semantics may be involved in the pathophysiology of adult ADHD.
KW - Adults
KW - Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
KW - Functional decoding
KW - Meta-analysis
KW - Meta-analytic connectivity modeling
KW - fMRI
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U2 - 10.1016/j.biopsych.2016.06.014
DO - 10.1016/j.biopsych.2016.06.014
M3 - Article
C2 - 27569542
AN - SCOPUS:84994083590
SN - 0006-3223
VL - 80
SP - 896
EP - 904
JO - Biological Psychiatry
JF - Biological Psychiatry
IS - 12
ER -