Abstract
Rat tibial growth plates have X-ray opaque tethers that link the epiphysis and metaphysis and increase with age as the growth plate (GP) becomes thinner. To determine if tether formation is a regulated process of GP maturation, we tested the hypotheses that tether properties and distribution can be quantified by micro-computed tomography (microCT), that rachitic GPs typical of vitamin D receptor knockout (VDR-/-) mice have fewer tethers and altered tether distribution, and that tether formation is regulated by signaling via the VDR. Distal femoral GPs from VDR+/+ and VDR-/- 8-week-old mice were analyzed with microCT and then processed for decalcified and undecalcified histomorphometry. A wide range of parameters that assessed GP and tether geometry and morphology, along with tether distribution, were measured using both microCT and histology. Growth plates of 10-week-old VDR+/+ and VDR-/- mice on a high-calcium, phosphorus, lactose, and vitamin D3 rescue diet were also analyzed. Both microCT and histology showed tethers present throughout normal mice GPs, while reduction in tether number and volume percentage occurred in VDR-/- GPs with localization to the central region. Decreased shrinkage in the axial direction during decalcified histological processing correlated with tether formation, suggesting mechanical stability due to tethers. Tether formation increased greatly between 8 and 10 weeks. Rescue diets restored VDR-/- GP size but not tether volume percentage. Overall, these results demonstrate microCT imaging's utility for analyzing tether formation and suggest that signaling via the VDR plays a pivotal role in tether formation.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 134-145 |
| Number of pages | 12 |
| Journal | Calcified Tissue International |
| Volume | 85 |
| Issue number | 2 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Aug 2009 |
| Externally published | Yes |
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Keywords
- 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D
- Bone development
- Micro-computed tomography
- Rat femoral growth plate tether
- Rescue diet
- Rickets
- Vitamin D receptor knockout mice
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Orthopedics and Sports Medicine
- Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
- Endocrinology
Cite this
Formation of tethers linking the epiphysis and metaphysis is regulated by vitamin D receptor-mediated signaling. / Chen, Jida; Lee, Christopher S D; Coleman, Rhima M.; Yoon, John Y.; Lohmann, Christoph H.; Zustin, Jozef; Guldberg, Robert E.; Schwartz, Zvi; Boyan, Barbara D.
In: Calcified Tissue International, Vol. 85, No. 2, 08.2009, p. 134-145.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Formation of tethers linking the epiphysis and metaphysis is regulated by vitamin D receptor-mediated signaling
AU - Chen, Jida
AU - Lee, Christopher S D
AU - Coleman, Rhima M.
AU - Yoon, John Y.
AU - Lohmann, Christoph H.
AU - Zustin, Jozef
AU - Guldberg, Robert E.
AU - Schwartz, Zvi
AU - Boyan, Barbara D.
PY - 2009/8
Y1 - 2009/8
N2 - Rat tibial growth plates have X-ray opaque tethers that link the epiphysis and metaphysis and increase with age as the growth plate (GP) becomes thinner. To determine if tether formation is a regulated process of GP maturation, we tested the hypotheses that tether properties and distribution can be quantified by micro-computed tomography (microCT), that rachitic GPs typical of vitamin D receptor knockout (VDR-/-) mice have fewer tethers and altered tether distribution, and that tether formation is regulated by signaling via the VDR. Distal femoral GPs from VDR+/+ and VDR-/- 8-week-old mice were analyzed with microCT and then processed for decalcified and undecalcified histomorphometry. A wide range of parameters that assessed GP and tether geometry and morphology, along with tether distribution, were measured using both microCT and histology. Growth plates of 10-week-old VDR+/+ and VDR-/- mice on a high-calcium, phosphorus, lactose, and vitamin D3 rescue diet were also analyzed. Both microCT and histology showed tethers present throughout normal mice GPs, while reduction in tether number and volume percentage occurred in VDR-/- GPs with localization to the central region. Decreased shrinkage in the axial direction during decalcified histological processing correlated with tether formation, suggesting mechanical stability due to tethers. Tether formation increased greatly between 8 and 10 weeks. Rescue diets restored VDR-/- GP size but not tether volume percentage. Overall, these results demonstrate microCT imaging's utility for analyzing tether formation and suggest that signaling via the VDR plays a pivotal role in tether formation.
AB - Rat tibial growth plates have X-ray opaque tethers that link the epiphysis and metaphysis and increase with age as the growth plate (GP) becomes thinner. To determine if tether formation is a regulated process of GP maturation, we tested the hypotheses that tether properties and distribution can be quantified by micro-computed tomography (microCT), that rachitic GPs typical of vitamin D receptor knockout (VDR-/-) mice have fewer tethers and altered tether distribution, and that tether formation is regulated by signaling via the VDR. Distal femoral GPs from VDR+/+ and VDR-/- 8-week-old mice were analyzed with microCT and then processed for decalcified and undecalcified histomorphometry. A wide range of parameters that assessed GP and tether geometry and morphology, along with tether distribution, were measured using both microCT and histology. Growth plates of 10-week-old VDR+/+ and VDR-/- mice on a high-calcium, phosphorus, lactose, and vitamin D3 rescue diet were also analyzed. Both microCT and histology showed tethers present throughout normal mice GPs, while reduction in tether number and volume percentage occurred in VDR-/- GPs with localization to the central region. Decreased shrinkage in the axial direction during decalcified histological processing correlated with tether formation, suggesting mechanical stability due to tethers. Tether formation increased greatly between 8 and 10 weeks. Rescue diets restored VDR-/- GP size but not tether volume percentage. Overall, these results demonstrate microCT imaging's utility for analyzing tether formation and suggest that signaling via the VDR plays a pivotal role in tether formation.
KW - 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D
KW - Bone development
KW - Micro-computed tomography
KW - Rat femoral growth plate tether
KW - Rescue diet
KW - Rickets
KW - Vitamin D receptor knockout mice
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=69249212215&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=69249212215&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/s00223-009-9259-1
DO - 10.1007/s00223-009-9259-1
M3 - Article
C2 - 19506934
AN - SCOPUS:69249212215
VL - 85
SP - 134
EP - 145
JO - Calcified Tissue International
JF - Calcified Tissue International
SN - 0171-967X
IS - 2
ER -