@article{9d83f2def25f4c20ad23986041e0c663,
title = "Evidence for two apoptotic pathways in light-induced retinal degeneration",
abstract = "Excessive phototransduction signaling is thought to be involved in light-induced and inherited retinal degeneration. Using knockout mice with defects in rhodopsin shut-off and transducin signaling, we show that two different pathways of photoreceptor-cell apoptosis are induced by light. Bright light induces apoptosis that is independent of transducin and accompanied by induction of the transcription factor AP-1. By contrast, low light induces an apoptotic pathway that requires transducin. We also provide evidence that additional genetic factors regulate sensitivity to light-induced damage. Our use of defined mouse mutants resolves some of the complexity underlying the mechanisms that regulate susceptibility to retinal degeneration.",
author = "Wenshan Hao and Andreas Wenzel and Obin, {Martin S.} and Chen, {Ching Kang} and Elliott Brill and Krasnoperova, {Nataliia V.} and Pamela Eversole-Cire and Yelena Kleyner and Allen Taylor and Simon, {Melvin I.} and Christian Grimm and Rem{\'e}, {Charlotte E.} and Janis Lem",
note = "Funding Information: We thank M. Danciger for help determining leucine/methionine polymorphism in Rpe65; D. Brunelle for help with graphics and manuscript preparation; F. Celestin of the SCOR in Ischemic Heart Disease Histology Core for assistance with histological sections; and D. Greuter, C. Imsand and G. Hoegger for technical assistance. Support for this research was provided by the US National Institutes of Health (J.L., M.I.S. and M.S.O.), Foundation Fighting Blindness (J.L.), Massachusetts Lions Eye Research Fund (an institutional grant to the Department of Ophthalmology, New England Medical Center) and Research to Prevent Blindness Special Scholar{\textquoteright}s Award (J.L.). C.E.R. received support from the Swiss National Science Foundation, German Research Council and Velux Foundation.",
year = "2002",
month = oct,
day = "1",
doi = "10.1038/ng984",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "32",
pages = "254--260",
journal = "Nature Genetics",
issn = "1061-4036",
publisher = "Nature Publishing Group",
number = "2",
}