Evaluation of mesenchymal stem cell modulation of trigeminal neuronal responses to cold

Michael A. Eskander, Koyo Takimoto, Anibal Diogenes

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

5 Scopus citations

Abstract

Tissue engineering protocols, such as regenerative endodontic procedures (REPs), comprise biologically based procedures designed to restore normal physiologic function. For REPs, the goal is reconstitution of the pulp-dentin complex by delivering mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), including the stem cells of the apical papilla (SCAP) into a root canal system. Many patients regain cold sensitivity after REPs, but the mechanism is not understood. We hypothesized that SCAP modulate nociceptive function through a paracrine mechanism that activates cold-sensitive ion channels in neurons. We established a co-culture system with human SCAP and rat trigeminal (TG) sensory neurons in order to determine the effect of SCAP co-culture on neuronal responses using whole-cell patch-clamp electrophysiology. TG neurons co-cultured with SCAP demonstrated increased TRPA1-mediated (p < 0.01) and TRPM8-mediated inward current densities (p < 0.01) at 24 h in co-culture. Cold stimulation to SCAP significantly increased ATP release (p < 0.01), and supernatant collected after cold stimulation to SCAP was able to activate cultured TG neurons. Co-culture with SCAP significantly increased sustained ATP-evoked inward current density (p < 0.05). These data suggest that SCAP release trophic factors that act on afferent neurons to enhance cold-sensitive ion channel activity.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)61-67
Number of pages7
JournalNeuroscience
Volume360
DOIs
StatePublished - Sep 30 2017

Keywords

  • ATP
  • TRPA1
  • TRPM8
  • apical papilla
  • mesenchymal stem cells
  • regenerative endodontics

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • General Neuroscience

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