Erbium: YAG versus holmium: YAG lithotripsy

Joel M H Teichman; Kin F. Chan; Patricia P. Cecconi; Nicol S. Corbin; Angela D. Kamerer; Randolph D. Glickman; Ashley J. Welch

doi:10.1016/S0022-5347(05)66548-2

Erbium: YAG versus holmium: YAG lithotripsy

Joel M H Teichman, Kin F. Chan, Patricia P. Cecconi, Nicol S. Corbin, Angela D. Kamerer, Randolph D. Glickman, Ashley J. Welch

Department of Ophthalmology

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

62 Scopus citations

Abstract

Purpose: We test the hypothesis that erbium:YAG (Er:YAG) lithotripsy is more efficient than holmium:YAG (Ho:YAG) lithotripsy. Materials and Methods: Human calculi composed of greater than 97% calcium oxalate monohydrate and cystine were studied. Calculi were irradiated in water using Er:YAG or Ho:YAG lasers. Er:YAG lithotripsy was done with a 425 μm. sapphire optical fiber at a pulse energy of 50 mJ. at 10 Hz. Ho:YAG lithotripsy was performed with a 365 μm. low hydroxy optical fiber at a pulse energy of 500 mJ. at 10 Hz. or a 425 μm. sapphire optical fiber at a pulse energy of 50 mJ. at 10 Hz. Fragmentation was defined as the initial stone mass minus the final dominant fragment mass and normalized for incident laser fluence (energy per unit area of fiber tip). Results: Mean fragmentation plus or minus standard deviation for calcium oxalate monohydrate was 38 ± 27 mg. for Er:YAG and 22 ± 6 for Ho:YAG (low hydroxy silica fiber) versus 5 ± 1 for Ho:YAG (sapphire fiber, p = 0.001). When fragmentation was normalized for incident laser fluence given different optical fiber sizes, mean fragmentation efficiency was 53.6 ± 38.7 g-μm.²/J. for Er:YAG lithotripsy compared with 22.6 ± 6.4 for Ho:YAG (low hydroxy silica fiber) lithotripsy (p = 0.04). Mean cystine fragmentation was 15 ± 3 mg. for Er:YAG versus 9 ± 1 for Ho:YAG (sapphire fiber, p = 0.0005). Conclusions: Er:YAG lithotripsy is more efficient than Ho:YAG lithotripsy.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	876-879
Number of pages	4
Journal	Journal of Urology
Volume	165
Issue number	3
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(05)66548-2
State	Published - 2001

Keywords

Aluminum
Erbium
Lithotripsy
Urinary calculi
Yttrium

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Urology

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10.1016/S0022-5347(05)66548-2

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@article{4678375d3312417a83a2191e94c3a7e4,

title = "Erbium: YAG versus holmium: YAG lithotripsy",

abstract = "Purpose: We test the hypothesis that erbium:YAG (Er:YAG) lithotripsy is more efficient than holmium:YAG (Ho:YAG) lithotripsy. Materials and Methods: Human calculi composed of greater than 97% calcium oxalate monohydrate and cystine were studied. Calculi were irradiated in water using Er:YAG or Ho:YAG lasers. Er:YAG lithotripsy was done with a 425 μm. sapphire optical fiber at a pulse energy of 50 mJ. at 10 Hz. Ho:YAG lithotripsy was performed with a 365 μm. low hydroxy optical fiber at a pulse energy of 500 mJ. at 10 Hz. or a 425 μm. sapphire optical fiber at a pulse energy of 50 mJ. at 10 Hz. Fragmentation was defined as the initial stone mass minus the final dominant fragment mass and normalized for incident laser fluence (energy per unit area of fiber tip). Results: Mean fragmentation plus or minus standard deviation for calcium oxalate monohydrate was 38 ± 27 mg. for Er:YAG and 22 ± 6 for Ho:YAG (low hydroxy silica fiber) versus 5 ± 1 for Ho:YAG (sapphire fiber, p = 0.001). When fragmentation was normalized for incident laser fluence given different optical fiber sizes, mean fragmentation efficiency was 53.6 ± 38.7 g-μm.2/J. for Er:YAG lithotripsy compared with 22.6 ± 6.4 for Ho:YAG (low hydroxy silica fiber) lithotripsy (p = 0.04). Mean cystine fragmentation was 15 ± 3 mg. for Er:YAG versus 9 ± 1 for Ho:YAG (sapphire fiber, p = 0.0005). Conclusions: Er:YAG lithotripsy is more efficient than Ho:YAG lithotripsy.",

keywords = "Aluminum, Erbium, Lithotripsy, Urinary calculi, Yttrium",

author = "Teichman, {Joel M H} and Chan, {Kin F.} and Cecconi, {Patricia P.} and Corbin, {Nicol S.} and Kamerer, {Angela D.} and Glickman, {Randolph D.} and Welch, {Ashley J.}",

note = "Funding Information: Supported by grants from Research to Prevent Blindness, Air Force Office of Scientific Research through MURI from DDR&E (F49620-98-0480), the Albert W. and Clemmie A. Caster Foundation and the SPIE Educational Scholarship in Optical Science and Engineering. Copyright: Copyright 2017 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.",

year = "2001",

doi = "10.1016/S0022-5347(05)66548-2",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "165",

pages = "876--879",

journal = "Investigative Urology",

issn = "0022-5347",

publisher = "Elsevier Inc.",

number = "3",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Erbium

T2 - YAG versus holmium: YAG lithotripsy

AU - Teichman, Joel M H

AU - Chan, Kin F.

AU - Cecconi, Patricia P.

AU - Corbin, Nicol S.

AU - Kamerer, Angela D.

AU - Glickman, Randolph D.

AU - Welch, Ashley J.

N1 - Funding Information: Supported by grants from Research to Prevent Blindness, Air Force Office of Scientific Research through MURI from DDR&E (F49620-98-0480), the Albert W. and Clemmie A. Caster Foundation and the SPIE Educational Scholarship in Optical Science and Engineering. Copyright: Copyright 2017 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.

PY - 2001

Y1 - 2001

N2 - Purpose: We test the hypothesis that erbium:YAG (Er:YAG) lithotripsy is more efficient than holmium:YAG (Ho:YAG) lithotripsy. Materials and Methods: Human calculi composed of greater than 97% calcium oxalate monohydrate and cystine were studied. Calculi were irradiated in water using Er:YAG or Ho:YAG lasers. Er:YAG lithotripsy was done with a 425 μm. sapphire optical fiber at a pulse energy of 50 mJ. at 10 Hz. Ho:YAG lithotripsy was performed with a 365 μm. low hydroxy optical fiber at a pulse energy of 500 mJ. at 10 Hz. or a 425 μm. sapphire optical fiber at a pulse energy of 50 mJ. at 10 Hz. Fragmentation was defined as the initial stone mass minus the final dominant fragment mass and normalized for incident laser fluence (energy per unit area of fiber tip). Results: Mean fragmentation plus or minus standard deviation for calcium oxalate monohydrate was 38 ± 27 mg. for Er:YAG and 22 ± 6 for Ho:YAG (low hydroxy silica fiber) versus 5 ± 1 for Ho:YAG (sapphire fiber, p = 0.001). When fragmentation was normalized for incident laser fluence given different optical fiber sizes, mean fragmentation efficiency was 53.6 ± 38.7 g-μm.2/J. for Er:YAG lithotripsy compared with 22.6 ± 6.4 for Ho:YAG (low hydroxy silica fiber) lithotripsy (p = 0.04). Mean cystine fragmentation was 15 ± 3 mg. for Er:YAG versus 9 ± 1 for Ho:YAG (sapphire fiber, p = 0.0005). Conclusions: Er:YAG lithotripsy is more efficient than Ho:YAG lithotripsy.

AB - Purpose: We test the hypothesis that erbium:YAG (Er:YAG) lithotripsy is more efficient than holmium:YAG (Ho:YAG) lithotripsy. Materials and Methods: Human calculi composed of greater than 97% calcium oxalate monohydrate and cystine were studied. Calculi were irradiated in water using Er:YAG or Ho:YAG lasers. Er:YAG lithotripsy was done with a 425 μm. sapphire optical fiber at a pulse energy of 50 mJ. at 10 Hz. Ho:YAG lithotripsy was performed with a 365 μm. low hydroxy optical fiber at a pulse energy of 500 mJ. at 10 Hz. or a 425 μm. sapphire optical fiber at a pulse energy of 50 mJ. at 10 Hz. Fragmentation was defined as the initial stone mass minus the final dominant fragment mass and normalized for incident laser fluence (energy per unit area of fiber tip). Results: Mean fragmentation plus or minus standard deviation for calcium oxalate monohydrate was 38 ± 27 mg. for Er:YAG and 22 ± 6 for Ho:YAG (low hydroxy silica fiber) versus 5 ± 1 for Ho:YAG (sapphire fiber, p = 0.001). When fragmentation was normalized for incident laser fluence given different optical fiber sizes, mean fragmentation efficiency was 53.6 ± 38.7 g-μm.2/J. for Er:YAG lithotripsy compared with 22.6 ± 6.4 for Ho:YAG (low hydroxy silica fiber) lithotripsy (p = 0.04). Mean cystine fragmentation was 15 ± 3 mg. for Er:YAG versus 9 ± 1 for Ho:YAG (sapphire fiber, p = 0.0005). Conclusions: Er:YAG lithotripsy is more efficient than Ho:YAG lithotripsy.

KW - Aluminum

KW - Erbium

KW - Lithotripsy

KW - Urinary calculi

KW - Yttrium

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JO - Investigative Urology

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Erbium: YAG versus holmium: YAG lithotripsy

Abstract

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