Differential modulation of SERCA2 isoforms by calreticulin

In Xenopus laevis oocytes, overexpression of calreticulin suppresses inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate-induced Ca²⁺ oscillations in a manner consistent with inhibition of Ca²⁺ uptake into the endoplasmic reticulum. Here we report that the alternatively spliced isoforms of the sarcoendoplasmic reticulum Ca²⁺-ATPase (SERCA)2 gene display differential Ca²⁺ wave properties and sensitivity to modulation by calreticulin. We demonstrate by glucosidase inhibition and site-directed mutagenesis that a putative glycosylated residue (N1036) in SERCA2b is critical in determining both the selective targeting of calreticulin to SERCA2b and isoform functional differences. Calreticulin belongs to a novel class of lectin ER chaperones that modulate immature protein folding. In addition to this role, we suggest that these chaperones dynamically modulate the conformation of mature glycoproteins, thereby affecting their function.